Anemia drugs Flashcards
What is hematopoeisis?
It is the formation of new blood cells
What are the two reasons for anemia?
Defect of the red blood cell and excessive destruction of RBCs
What is the main drug example of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents?
Epoetin alfa
What is important to give with epoetin alfa?
Oral iron supplements because epoetin is ineffective without iron since iron helps with hemoglobin synthesis
What is the longer acting form of epoetin called?
Darbapoeitin
What are the contraindications of epoeitin alfa?
Uncontrolled hypertension,head and neck cancers
What are the main types of anemias
pernicious, iron deficiency and folic acid deficiency anemias
Where is iron stored in the body?
It is stored in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow
What are the dietary sources of iron?
Meat, vegetables, eggs and grain
What are three examples of oral iron?
Ferrous fumarate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous sulphate
What are parenteral drug examples of iron?
Iron dextran, iron sucrose, and ferric sulphate
What other vitamin is often given with iron supplementation?
They will be given ascorbic acid (Vit C) which helps with absorbing the iron
What foods impede iron absorption?
Milk, beans, eggs
What is a serious adverse effect of iron dextran?
Anaphylaxis
What are the main adverse effects of iron?
Pediatric poisoning death, black tarry stool, constipation, pain from injectable forms
What is a normal expected adverse effect of iron?
Black tarry stool
What is the antidote for iorn intoxication?
Deferoxamine mesylate
Which parenteral iron drugs are used most often and why
Ferrous gluconate and iron sucrose because they don’t have as high of a risk of anaphylaxis
Why should a patient be in recumbent position after being given IV iron
IV iron causes hypotension so they should not be walking
WHy should a patient be sitting up when taking oral IV
A patient should be sitting up to avoid esophageal corrosion
What is folic acid and what is it used for?
It is a B-complex vitamin that is used for folic acid deficiency and to prevent neural tube defects in pregnancy
What is cyanocobalamin and what is used to treat?
It is vitamin b12 used to treat pernicious and megoaloblastic anemias
When should a person take milk and antacids if they are taking iron supplementation?
An hour before or after taking the iron supplement
WHat lab values are assessed for an anemic patient?
Ferritin, TSAT, TIBC, CBC,
