Antibiotics Flashcards
1
Q
Compare disinfectants and antiseptics
A
Disinfectants are strong chemicals that inhibit or kill micro-organisms.
Antiseptics- are less toxic versions used for human skin.
2
Q
Discuss the antiseptic mechanisms of action.
A
- Denature proteins
- Alter the osmotic balance of the bacteira ( So essential proteins leak out)
- Interfere with specific metabolic processes.
3
Q
Why are alcohols included in antiseptics?
A
They denature proteins and disturb the membrane pemeability of bacteira.
4
Q
How does chlorihexidine work?
A
It absorbs to the bacterial membrane and causes leakages of small molecules and precipitation of cytoplasmic proteins.
5
Q
What are antibiotics?
A
Natural antimicrobials.
6
Q
How do antibiotics work?
A
- Inhibit production of protein
- Inhibit cell wall syntheiss (Penicillin)
- Inhibit nucleic acid replication and transcription
- Injure the plasma membrane
- Inhibit synthesis of essential metabolites.
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7
Q
How does antibiotic resistance occur?
A
- Bacteria prevents entry of antibiotic
- bacteria changes shape of target
- Efflux of antibiotic out of the cell
- Bacteria inactivates the enzymes of the antibiotic.
