animal behavior Flashcards

1
Q

the way an organism reacts to stimuli in its environment

A

behavior

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2
Q

Behaviors that are controlled by genes do what if they help the organism survive?

A

they become more common and spread through a population

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3
Q

Behaviors that are controlled by genes do what if they harm an organism’s chance of survival?

A

they become less common through a population

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4
Q

behaviors that organisms are born with and are fully functional the first time they are displayed (3 terms)

A

innate
instinctive
inborn

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5
Q

behaviors acquired through an animal’s life, through experience

A

learned behaviors

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6
Q

Name the four major types of learning.

A
  1. habituation
  2. classical conditioning
  3. operant conditioning
  4. insight learning
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7
Q

when an animal decreases its response to a stimulus when it is neither rewarded or punished

A

habituation

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8
Q

a stimulus produces a response through association with a positive or a negative experience

A

classical conditioning

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9
Q

an animal learns to behave a certain way through repeated practice with either a reward or punishment (trial and error learning)

A

operant learning

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10
Q

the highest form of learning, application of what has been learned in one situation to a totally new situation

A

insight learning

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11
Q

What is the most famous historical example of classical conditioning ?

A

Pavlov’s dogs salivating to a bell

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12
Q

What is the most famous historical example of operant conditioning?

A

Skinner’s box where animals got food for the right behavior and shocked for the incorrect behavior

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13
Q

when an animal recognizes the first thing it sees, smells, hears…

A

imprinting

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14
Q

when baby geese and ducks follow the first moving thing they see

A

imprinting

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15
Q

when salmon recognize the smell of the stream they hatched in and go back there to spawn

A

imprinting

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16
Q

when baby mice won’t mate with their litter mates because they recognize their smell

A

imprinting

17
Q

a 24 hour cycle like the sleep and wake cycle

A

circadian rhythm

18
Q

a seasonal behavior where an animal moves from one location to another usually following the food supply

19
Q

a behavior prior to mating to ensure that the organism is finding the correct mate (species)

A

courtship behavior

20
Q

the area an animal travels over to find food

21
Q

the area an animal defends

22
Q

a behavior to show dominance

A

aggression

23
Q

a group of animals of the same species that live closely and interact cooperatively

24
Q

the idea that helping relatives improves the chances of your genes surviving

A

kin selection

25
the passing of information from one organism to another
communication
26
Give examples of communication
visual signals chemical signals sound signals language
27
chemicals used by animals to communicate with one another about territory or mating
pheromones
28
a complex system of sounds, symbols, and gestures that follows rules about sequence and meaning
language