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Animal Science 220 > Anatomy Of The Upper Digestive System And Stomach > Flashcards

Anatomy Of The Upper Digestive System And Stomach Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Alimentary

A

Pertaining to food or nutrition

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2
Q

Papillae

A

A small protrusion or process

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3
Q

Components?

A 
Mouth
Pharynx
Alimentary canal
Accessory glands
Blood vessels
Nerves
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4
Q

Pharynx

A

Swallowing

Skeletal muscle

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5
Q

Alimentary canal

A

Connects from esophagus to anus

Enter Canal along body

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6
Q

Accessory glands

A

Salivary glands
Endocrine glands
Exocrine glands…pancreas liver
Glandular tissue

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7
Q

Blood vessels

A

Hepatic blood circulation

Providing oxygen to organs

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8
Q

Nerves

A 
Controls effector tissues 
Smooth muscle/skeletal muscle/ glands 
Walls of alimentary canal 
Esophagus and anus: skeletal
In between: both
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9
Q

Factors involving digestion

A

Physical: chewing grasping mixing

Chemical: hcl Naco2

Biological: hormones and enzymes and microbes

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10
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: boundaries

A

Dorsal: hard and soft pellet
Cadual: entering pharynx
Ventral: soft tissue…floor of mouth
Lateral/cranial: teeth

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11
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: vestibule

A

In front of teeth and lips between teeth and cheeks…in front of cranial boundary

Temporary storage, protects mouth cavity proper

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12
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: lips

A

Must have muscle tissue

Most flexible: horses
Least flexible: pigs

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13
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: hard palate

A

Non-secreting mucous membrane

Lampers: inflammation of raphe

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14
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: tongue composition

A

Smooth and skeletal muscle

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15
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: tongue divisions

A

Tip: loose part (grasping) cranial
Body: tip to middle (frenulum)
Root: most stable (swallowing) caudal

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16
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: tongue papillae

A

Raised area
Filiform: tip hairs…no taste receptors
Fungiform: sparse…toad spools…taste receptors
Valate: body…taste receptors/ serous glands

17
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system:

Tongue functions

A 
Grasping
swallowing
Tasting
Grooming
Food processing
Nursing 
Vocalization
18
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: salivary glands ( parotid)

A

Exocrine
Saliva aids in swallowing
Located at jaw
Autonomic

19
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: salivary glands (mandibular)

A

Located on sides of the mandible

Duct directs toward lower jaw

20
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: salivary glands (sublingual)

A

Located under tongue along body of nerve

21
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: teeth (substance)

A

Consists of body and root; crown is portion above the gum line. Approx 95% of the tooth development takes place prior to tooth eruption

22
Q

Teeth-dentine

A

Formed by inward movement of odontoblasts; contains the pulp cavity

When pulp cavity is exposed., it fills in with secondary dentine

23
Q

Teeth- enamel

A

Outside covering; hardest substance; formed by outward growth of enamelblasts; covered by cuticle

24
Q

Teeth- cement

A

Formed by cementoblasts; outer covering turns black when stained with mucus and grass juice

25
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: teeth (classifications)

A

Classifications of teeth is based upon positioning and function

26
Q

Incisors

A

Cutting teeth at cranial end, also used for defense

27
Q

Canines

A

Tusks, tushes, bridle teeth, eye teeth; only in boars, stallions and geldings

Used for fighting and digging

Deer and goats don’t have them

28
Q

Premolars

A

First three cheek teeth; used for grinding; rudimentary P1 called wolf teeth

Generally pulled

29
Q

Molars

A

Actual grinding teeth

Last three teeth up and bottom

30
Q

Cheek teeth

A

Premolars and molars

31
Q

Hand hold

A

Space located caudal to incisors

32
Q

Needle teeth

A

Canine and premolars

33
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system:stomach

A

Simple: mono gastric
Prefers chemical aspects of digestion prior to fermentation

Compound: multi stomach
Performs fermentation prior to digestion with chemical aspects

34
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: simple stomach regions

A

Cardium: leading from esophagus to stomach
Has a ring called a sphincter that dilated and constricts around the esophagus

Pylorus: stomach to intestines called pyloric sphincter

35
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: simple stomach layers

A

Esophageal: no secretions, nonglandular
Cardiac: produces mucus, glandular
Fundic: produces hcl, mucus, pepsinogen, lipase
Pyloric: everything fundic does except hcl

36
Q

Anatomy of upper digestive system: the compound stomach

A

Nonglandular: Rumen, reticulum, omasum
Digestion with chemical aspects then fermentation
Glandular: abomasum
Fermentation then digestion with chemical aspects

37
Q

Digestion

A

Process by which ingested food is broken down and prepared for assimilation

Animal Science 220 (22 decks)

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