Anatomy of Heart ch 16

Question 1

Function of Heart

Answer 1

to pump and force blood through vessels

Question 2

Location of Heart

Answer 2

Left center mediastinum

Question 3

Base of heart

Answer 3

upper flat portion of heart

Question 4

Apex of Heart

Answer 4

lower pointed end of heart

Question 5

Pericardium

Answer 5

sling-like structure that supports the heart

Question 6

Visceral Pericardium

Answer 6

Inner-most layer

Question 7

Parietal Pericardium

Answer 7

outer layer

Question 8

Pericardial space

Answer 8

between visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium

Question 9

Pericarditis

Answer 9

Inflammation of pericardial membranes

Question 10

Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 10

caused by pericarditis and restricts the heart=not able to pump

Question 11

Pericardiocentesis

Answer 11

Extracting excess fluid caused by Pericarditis

Question 12

Great Vessels

Answer 12

superior/inferior venae carvae- receive v Oblood
Pulmonary artery-from R ventricle to lungs
4pulmonary veins- receive ^O blood
aorta-to body

Question 13

Arteries carry blood ___

Answer 13

away to lungs

Question 14

Veins carry blood ____

Answer 14

from lungs to heart

Question 15

Pulmonary circulation

Answer 15

from R to lungs to L (R)

Question 16

Systemic circulation

Answer 16

to body and organs (L)

Question 17

Septum

Answer 17

separates atriums/ventricles

Question 18

Atrioventricular valve (AV)

Answer 18

(R&L) between atrium and ventricles

Question 19

Semilunar valves

Answer 19

exit valves (Pulmonic and aortic)

Question 20

Valves open and close bc of

Answer 20

changes in pressure

Question 21

Chordae Tendenae

Answer 21

tendons that prevent blow through of R&L AV valves when theres pressure in ventricles

Question 22

1st sound of heart

Answer 22

Closure of AV valves

Question 23

2nd sound of heart

Answer 23

Closure of semilunar valves

Question 24

Left AV valve ( ) more likely to ____

Answer 24

Mitral valve to be faulty bc of higher pressure

Question 25

Circulation steps

Answer 25

^O blood enter R atrium > tricuspid valve > Right ventricle > Pulmonic Semilunar valve > Pulmonary arteries (R/L) > Pulmonary capillaries (in lungs) > 4 pulmonary veins > L atrium > bicuspid valve > aortic semilunar valve> aorta

Question 26

Ventricular septal defect

Answer 26

L>R ventricle bc of hole in septum (acyanotic)

Question 27

Shunt w/ cyanosis

Answer 27

caused by VSD and pulmonary valve stenosis(narrowed)> increased pressure in R ventricle = R>L flow = unoxygenated blood in circulation

Question 28

Coronary artery

Answer 28

supplies blood that nourishes and oxygenates myocardium

Question 29

Ischemia

Answer 29

blockage> v O in myocardium> pain (angina pectoris)

Question 30

myocardial infarct

Answer 30

area of dead tissue caused by blockage > damaged cells leak enzymes that help indicate heart attack

Question 31

Steps Conduction system

Answer 31

initiates and moves electrical impulses around heart tissue> coordinate pumping action of heart muscle > SA node (signal initiates/pacemaker) > atrial conducting fibers > AV node> bundle of His> LR bundle branches>LR ventricles>His-purkinje system> carry electrical impulse to contracting cells of ventricle

Question 32

Conduction system ensures

Answer 32

Rhythmic contraction of heart

Question 33

Disrhythmias

Answer 33

Tachydysrhythmia(cardia) -fast

Bradydisrythmia(cardia) - slow

Question 34

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer 34

Electrical signals sent everywhere in heart

Question 35

Ventricular defibrillation

Answer 35

Heart synchronizes signal

Question 36

EKG/ ECG

Answer 36

electrocardiogram- measures electrical activity of heart

Question 37

p wave

Answer 37

atrial depolarization

Question 38

QRS

Answer 38

Ventricular depolarization

Question 39

T

Answer 39

Ventricular repolarization