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Jason's GI Block > Anatomy IV Nerves, Vessels > Flashcards

Anatomy IV Nerves, Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 3 arteries that supply the following:
Foregut
Midgut
Hindgut

A

Celiac Trunk
Superior mesenteric artery
inferior mesenteric artery

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2
Q

3 vascular planes that the abdominal aorta supply they are?

A

Anterior: gastro
Lateral: paired: kidneys, gonads, adrenals
Posterior: diaphragm, post abdo wall

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3
Q

Celiac trunk supplies from what till what?

A

abdo esophagus –> main duodenal papilla

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4
Q

What organs do the Celiac trunk supply? 5 things:

A 
stomach
liver
gall bladder
pancreas
spleen
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5
Q

What organs do the superior mesenteric trunk supply?

A

after duodenal papilla, jejunum, ileum, appendix, cecum, ascending and most of transverse colon

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6
Q

superior mesenteric trunk supplies from what till what?

A

after duodenal papilla to just short of splenic flexure

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7
Q

What organs do the inferior mesenteric trunk supply?

A

descending colon
sigmoid
rectum
top of anal canal

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8
Q

Celiac trunk breaks into how many branches and at what level?

A

T12

immediately into 3 branches

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9
Q

What are the 3 branches that the celiac trunk breaks into?

A

Splenic: (left)
Left gastric
Common hepatic (Right)

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10
Q

Splenic is straight or loopy? runs along?

A

loopy,

runs along superior border of pancreas

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11
Q

What does the splenic artery supply? 4 things

A

spleen
pancreas
some to top of greater curvature
anastamoses and gives off left gastric epiploic artery

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12
Q

What does the left gastric artery supply?

A

abdominal esophageal
cardio esophageal junction
supplies along lesser curvature of stomach

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13
Q

Which direction does the hepatic artery turn right after celiac trunk? what does it divide into?

A

turns right
proper hepatic artery
gastroduodenal artery

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14
Q

proper hepatic artery runs how? supplies what? divides?

A

runs on the free edge of lesser omentum as part of portal triad
supplies Liver
divides into left and right hepatic artery

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15
Q

What artery supplies the gall bladder?

A

the cystic artery coming off the right hepatic artery can be variable

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16
Q

Gastroduodenal artery comes from what?

A

common hepatic artery

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17
Q

Gastroduodenal artery runs behind or in front of duodunum?

A

BEHIND

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18
Q

proximal duodenum is common site for what?

A

peptic ulcer

if it bad enough, it can erode into the Gastroduodenal artery then you just vomit blood

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19
Q

Gastroduodenal artery supplies what?

A

proximal duodenum
head of pancreas
last part of greater curvatures

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20
Q

How does Gastroduodenal artery supply the proximal duodenum
head of pancreas?
last part of greater curvatures?

A

superior pancreo-duodenal artery

right superior right epiploic artery

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21
Q

Where and what level does the superior mesenteric artery arise?

A

1cm below celiac trunk at L1

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22
Q

superior mesenteric artery travels along what?

A

root of mesentery

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23
Q

superior mesenteric artery: every branch to left is to what? right?

A

left: jejunum and ileum
right: colon

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24
Q

superior mesenteric artery before is supplies the jejunum and ilum, has to supply what? via what?

A

last part of duodenum via inferior pancreaduodenal artery

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25
Q

How do you know you’re looking at jejunum?

A

long vasa recta

few arcades

26
Q

How do you know you’re looking at ileum?

A

short vasa recta

multiple arcades

27
Q

Are there vasa recta, arcades in the marginal artery?

28
Q

colic arteries contribute to one channel called the?

A

marginal artery

29
Q

How does marginal artery run?

A

parallel to colon

30
Q

from the superior mesenteric artery, there are 3 branches that go right to support the colon, they are?

A

ileocolic
right colic: ascending colon
middle colic: transverse colon

31
Q

inferior mesenteric artery comes off aortic artery near what part of duodenum? near what vertebra?

A

horizontal part of duodenum

opposite L3

32
Q

inferior mesenteric artery heads which direction?

A

left and downwards

33
Q

inferior mesenteric artery gives off 2 colic branches they are?

A

left colic: descending colon

sigmoid colic

34
Q

inferior mesenteric artery changes name into what as is passes into pelvis?

A

superior rectal artery

35
Q

What organs drain through portal system? 4 things

A 
tubular gastrointestinal tract
pancreas
gall bladder
spleen
NOT THE LIVER
36
Q 
Veins from 
tubular gastrointestinal tract
pancreas
gall bladder
spleen
unite to form what?
A

hepatic portal vein

37
Q

hepatic portal vein forms where? what vertebral level?

A

behind neck of pancreas at L2

38
Q

hepatic portal vein made up of

A

Inferior mesenteric vein meets the splenic vein which meeting superior mesenteric vein

39
Q

where does hepatic portal vein travel after all the smaller veins join up?

A

behind the duodenum, ascends free edge of lesser omentum as part of triad, behind the proper hepatic artery

40
Q

what happens to blood after hepatic portal vein enters the liver?

A

into sinusoids to process products of digestion

41
Q

blood in sinusoids to hepatic veins then where?

A

To the IVC

42
Q

What drains into the systemic caval system?

A

sides and back of abdo aorta: adrenals, kidneys, gonads, abdo walls and diaphragm

43
Q

sides and back of abdo aorta: adrenals, kidneys, gonads, abdo walls and diaphragm drains into what?

A

IVC via Caval system

44
Q

valves in the portal system? high or low pressure?

A

Valveless. low pressure.

45
Q

What happens in liver fibrosis/cirrhosis?

A

portal hypertension

46
Q

How does the body compensate with portal hypertension?

A

it uses anastamoses between portal and systemic and those enlarge

47
Q

Name the portal/systemic veins anastamoses. what happens with portal hypertension?

A
  1. lower esophagus near cardiac orifice (left gastric veins anastamos with azygous vein)
  2. superior rectal veins (haemorrhoids)
  3. anterior abdo wall (dilated veins near umbilicus)
  4. retroperitoneal viscus against post abdo
  5. bare area of liver
48
Q

What happens to lower esophagus near cardiac orifice veins in portal hypertension?

A

They dilated and risk of tearing them if swallow something big/sharp, they vomit (BUCKET OF BLOOD)

49
Q

abdo viscera innervated by autonomic or somatic nervous system?

50
Q

Preganglionic sympathetic fibres derived from what to innervated abdo?

51
Q

Sympathetic ganglion clusteres around what arteries?

A

unpaired branches of aorta

renal arteries

52
Q

Where is parasympathetic innervation?
foregut
midgut
pelvic splanchnics

A

foregut/midgut = vagus

pelvic splanchnics/hindgut = S2-4

53
Q

Post ganglionic fibres in abdo pass with blood vessels: what levels for
foregut
midgut
hind gut?

A

foregut: T6-9
midgut: T8-12
hind gut: T12-L2

54
Q

afferent fibres carrying pain from unpaired abdo viscera prox to mid-sigmoid refers where?

A

midline of abdowall T6-L2 dermatomes

55
Q

afferent fibres carryin pain from mid sigmoid down refers to?

A

perianal region, S2-4

56
Q

preaortic lymph nodes drain ant. abdo aorta, organized around unpaired branches, which organs? 5 things

A 
GI tract
liver
gall bladder
spleen
pancreas
57
Q

paraaortic lymph nodes receive from?

A 
post abdo wall
kidneys
adrenals
gonads
pelvis
lower limb
58
Q

intestinal lymph trunks created from which lymph nodes?

A

preaortic lymph nodes

59
Q

right and left lumbar lymph trunks created from which nodes?

A

paraaortic nodes

60
Q

intestinal, right and left lumbar lymph trunks coalesce into what?

A

cisterna chyli just under the diaphragm

61
Q

placement of cisterna chyli ?

A

aortic hiatus between crura

62
Q

thoracic duct pathway?

A

with aorta through hiatus at level of T12, traverses thorax, posterior to esophagus heading across to left and emptying into junction of left internal jugular vein and left subclavian vein

Jason's GI Block (32 decks)

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