Anatomy III (Peritoneum)

Question 1

What is a mesentery?

Answer 1

umbrella term for double fold of peritoneum

Question 2

2 functions of mesentery?

Answer 2

1. transmit nerves and vessels to intraperitoneal structures

2. allow mobility within intraperitoneum

Question 3

What nerves does parietal peritoneum share?

Answer 3

somatic

Question 4

What nerves does visceral peritoneum share?

Answer 4

autonomic

Question 5

Describe pain of appendicitis as it progresses

Answer 5

As it gets more inflammed, it pushes on visceral peritoneum(dull pain) then parietal peritoneum = localized sharp pain

Question 6

What’s the good and bad about the large surface area of the peritoneal space?

Answer 6

Bad: tumour/infection can spread very easily
Good: can use for peritoneal dialysis for exchange of fluids

Question 7

Name 3 paired viscera: where are they located peritoneal-wise?

Answer 7

kidneys
adrenals
ureters
retroperitoneal and on post abdo wall

Question 8

in the fetus how are all the abdo organs suspended?

Answer 8

by dorsal and ventral messentries

Question 9

What organs are secondarily retroperitoneal?

Answer 9

ascending, descending colon
bile duct
pancreas
duodenal

Question 10

what organs are intraperitoneal?

Answer 10

stomach
jejunum/ileum
cecum/appendix
transverse colon
sigmoid colon

liver
gall bladder
spleen

Question 11

What are the three layers of peritoneal and are they paired or not?

Answer 11

1. retro paired
2. secondary retro: unpaired
3. intraperitoneal: unpaired

Question 12

lesser sac travels behind or in front of stomach/liver?

Answer 12

behind

Question 13

does the lesser sac communicate at all with the greater sac?

Answer 13

yes, only via epiploic foramen of Winslow

Question 14

“THE” mesentery holds what? what is it’s path?

Answer 14

small intestine

starts at D-J junction, goes obliquely downward across aorta, IVC, right ureter

Question 15

What is the mesocolon? what does it connect?

Answer 15

mesentery connecting large intestine to post abdo wall

Question 16

Trace the path of the transverse mesocolon.

Answer 16

from tail of pancrease over 2nd part of duodenum

Question 17

Where is the sigmoid mesocolon?

Answer 17

over division of left colon and iliac artery

Question 18

lesser omentum attaches from where to where?

Answer 18

first inch of duodenum and lesser curvature of stomach extends to visceral surface of liver

Question 19

Your finger is in the epiploic foramen of Winslow, what is:
on your finger
behind 
beneath
above?

Answer 19

on: triad: bile duct, hepatic artery, portal vein
above: liver quadrate
behind: IVC
beneath: duodenum

Question 20

What happens once omentum hits liver?

Answer 20

splits, wraps around it to tope of liver, reflects on diaphragm and becomes parietal layer

Question 21

What’s on top of liver regarding peritoneum?

Answer 21

There is a gap/bare spot where it visceral reflects to become parietal

Question 22

What is the path of the greater omentum?

Answer 22

from grater curvature of stomach and duodenum. Drapes the front of transverse colon/small intestine and back up behind the liver

Question 23

Path of gastro-phrenic ligament?

Answer 23

fundus of stomach straight to diaphragm

Question 24

path of gastreo-lienal ligament?

Answer 24

stomach to spleen to post abdo wall

Question 25

Which two mesenteries attach to the same place on the post abdo wall?

Answer 25

transverse mesocolon

greater omentum

Question 26

how many layers is the greater omentum?

Answer 26

4 layers 2 layers of 2 usually stuck together

Question 27

What is the purpose of the omental bursa of the lesser peritoneal sac?

Answer 27

allow frictionless expansion of stomach when needed