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Medicine: Anatomy > Anatomy: Heart > Flashcards

Anatomy: Heart Flashcards

1
Q

4 key elements of cardiovascular system

A

heart
veins
capillaries
arteries

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2
Q

arteriole system

A

heart to tissues
oxygenated blood

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3
Q

venous system

A

return blood from tissues back to the heart
deoxygenated

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4
Q

differences between arteries and veins

A

lumen size is larger in veins
arteries also have elastic lamina
veins have valves

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5
Q

pressure in arteries compared to veins

A

much higher

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6
Q

3 layers of arteries and veins

A

tunica adventitia
tunica media
tunica intima

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7
Q

what lines the blood vessels

A

endothelium

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8
Q

what lines the heart

A

endocardium

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9
Q

4 chambers of the heart

A

right atrium
left atrium
right ventricle
left ventricle

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10
Q

label heart

A

right atrium
left aftrium
right ventricle
left ventricle

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11
Q

right atrium primary function

A

receive blood from the body

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12
Q

left atrium function

A

receive blood from lungs

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13
Q

right ventricle function

A

pump blood to the lungs

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14
Q

left ventricle function

A

pump blood to the bod y

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15
Q

what does the image show and what is the blood like here

A

right side of the heart
blood is deoxygenated

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16
Q

what does the image show and what is the blood like here

A

left side of the heart
blood is oxygenated

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17
Q

sources of blood into the right atrium

A

superior vena cava

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18
Q

where does the superior vena cava bring blood from

A

head
neck
upper limbs
majority of the thorax

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19
Q

what is in the image

A

inferior vena cava

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20
Q

what is in the image

A

superior vena cava

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21
Q

where does the inferior vena cava bring blood from

A

lower limbs
abdomen
pelvis

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21
Q

where does the inferior vena cava bring blood from

A

lower limbs
abdomen
pelvis

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21
Q

where does the inferior vena cava bring blood from

A

lower limbs
abdomen
pelvis

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21
Q

where does the inferior vena cava bring blood from

A

lower limbs
abdomen
pelvis

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21
where does the inferior vena cava bring blood from
lower limbs abdomen pelvis
22
what is in the image
coronary sinus
23
coronary sinus function
return venous blood from the heart has small anterior veins
24
what is in the image and what does it do
right atrioventricular valve/ tricuspid valve control blood flow into the right ventricle
25
what is in the image
pulmonary semilunar valve
26
what is in the image
pulmonary trunk
27
what is in the image
pulmonary veins
28
what is in the image
left atrium
29
what is in the image
bicuspid or mitral valve
30
what is in the image
left ventricle
31
what is in the image
aortic semilunar valve
32
what is in the image
ascending aorta aortic arch
33
where is the pericardial sac located
between the right and left lung superiorly up the the 2nd costal cartilage (at the manubrial sternal junction) inferiorly to the 6th costal cartilage (superior extent of the diaphragm)
34
what is in the image
pericardial sac
35
what is the pericardial sac fused to
the central tendon of the diaphragm inferiorly great vessels superiorly and posteriorly the deep surface of the sternum
36
what is in the image
great vessels
37
function of the pericardial sac
to prevent the heart from sudden overfilling allows the heart to beat in a nearly frictionless environment
38
what is in the image
fibrous pericardium is tough and attached to diaphragm prevents overfilling
39
what is in the image
parietal serous pericardium
40
what Is in the image
visceral serous pericardium also known as epicardium not a layer of the pericardial sac
41
what is in the image
inferior part of the heart where it rests on the diaphragm m is the diaphragmatic surface
41
what is in the image
inferior part of the heart where it rests on the diaphragm m is the diaphragmatic surface
42
components of the diaphragmatic surface of the heart
right and left ventricles predominantly the left
43
what is in the image
right pulmonary surface
44
components of the right pulmonary surface
right atrium
45
what is in the image
left pulmonary surface
46
components of the left pulmonary surface
left ventricle
47
what is in the image
anterior (sternocostal) surface
48
components of the anterior surface
right ventricle
49
what is in the image
apex of the heart at the 5th intercostal space left ventricle
50
what is in the image
base of the heart at the left atrium
51
three layers of the heart
epicardium myocardium endocardium
52
what is myocardium composed of
cardiac muscle tissue
53
what is in the image
myocardium
54
3 types of cardiac muscle
trabeculae carneae papillary muscles pectinate muscle
55
what is in the image
trabeculae carneae coordination of heart rhythm of ventricles and heart walls
56
what is in the image
papillary muscles attached to tendinous chords ventricles
57
what is in the image
pectinate muscle only found in the atria
58
what is in the image
right auricle rough pectinate muscle, only part to have
59
what is in the image
the left auricle contains pectinate muscle
60
what is in the image
interatrial septum
60
what is in the image
interatrial septum
61
what is in the image
foramen ovale: is an open communication in foetal development limbus fossa ovale: thickened ridge on superior part fossa ovale: indentation remaining in adulthood
62
adaptations of the right atrium
valves for IVC and coronary sinus to direct blood flow
63
trabeculae carneae function
assist contractions assist sending contraction impulse
64
what is in the image
inter ventricular septum
65
what is in the image
moderator band send conducting impulse from inter ventricular septum to anterior papillary muscle
66
what is in the image
tendinous chords
67
what do the papillary muscles attach to
the cusps of valves
68
what is in the image
infundibulum/conus arteriosus assists with blood flow
69
walls of the ventricles
left is much thicker pumps blood to the body
70
what are the 4 valves
right atrioventricular pulmonary semilunar left atrioventricular aortic semilunar
71
right atrioventricular
right atrium and ventricle tricuspid anterior, posterior and septal cusps connected by tendinous cords to anterior posterior and septal papillary muscles contract to put tension on the cords
72
left atrioventricular valve
mitral/bicuspid has anterior and posterior cusps attach via tendinous cords to the anterior and posterior papillary muscles
73
cusp in aortic
posterior right left
74
cusp in pulmonic
anterior right left
75
vessels associated with right and left cusp of the aortic semilunar
right and left coronary artery
76
systolic phase with aortic semilunar
ventricle contracts enter aorta high pressure valve opens openings of right and left coronary arteries are protected
77
label A-J
A-inferior vena cava B-right atrium C-right auricle D-superior vena cava E-arch of aorta F-pulmonary vein G- pulmonary trunk H- left auricle I- left ventricle J- right ventricle
78
label A-G
A- superior vena cava B-right auricle C-tricuspid valve D-inferior vena cava E-crista terminalis F- fossa ovalis G- pectinate muscle
79
label A-E
A- pulmonary valve (right, left and anterior cusps) B- trabecular carneae C-posterior papillary muscles D- anterior papillary muscles E- tricuspid valve
80
label A-D
A-SAN B-AVN C- right bundle branch of bundle of His D- purkinje fibres
81
label A-E
A- chordinae tendinae b- pectinate muscle C- valve of foramen ovale D- pulmonary veins E- mitral valve
82
label A-D
A- bicuspid valvue B- pulmonary valvue C- aortic valve D- tricuspid valvue
83
label A-G
A- left coronary B- circumflex branch of left coronary C-left anterior branch of descending, inter ventricular branch D- posterior inter ventricular branch of right coronary E- right marginal branch of right coronary F- coronary sinus G- right coronary

Medicine: Anatomy (20 decks)

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