Anal Path I Flashcards
dentate line
pectinate
important in anal issues
above - glandular
below - squamous
also transitional zone
external hemorrhoids
below dentate line
-painful
internal hemorrhoids
above dentate line
can prolapse and bleed
anal fissure
posterior wall
impacted fecal material
-painful
perianal fistula
abnormal connection between epithelialized surface of anal canal and abscess of skin
primary - obstruction
secondary - iatrogenic, diverticulitis, IBD, infection, cancer
seton drain
surgical tx of perianal fistula
facilitates healing of fistula and draining
pain with bowel movement and stained underwear
perianal fistula
opening of anal fistula
can tell location of abscess
superior rectal abscess
can be palpated on DRE
- pain worse with bowel movement
- fever/sepsis
anal fistulas
are classified - parks
crohn disease
can see anal fistula and abscesses
anal condyloma
papilliform appearance
contrast to SCC - has smooth and pearly appearance with hemorrhage and necrosis
low risk HPV association
koilocytosis
seen with anal condylomas
HPV
induces dysplasia of squamous epithelium
virus gets to basal cells - become premalignant - large darker nuclei to surface
high grade HPV
large dark nuclei to surface
