American West (unfinished) Flashcards
Who was the first person to use the term manifest destiny and when?
1845, John O’Sullivan
Homestead Act 1862
Gave 160 acre plots to farmers for free if they stayed there for 5 years
Timber and Culture Act 1873
Gave homesteaders an additional 160 acres if they planted trees
What did the Timber and Culture Act 1873 lead to?
Development of Bonanza farms
In 1880 how many bonanza farms were there and how big were they?
3,000 large farms with over 1,000 acres each
When could a territory apply to become an official state?
When the population of a territory reached over 60,000
What was the population in the west in 1865 compared to 1890?
1865: 760,000 1890: 6 million
Where was the second gold rush and when?
Black Hills of Dakota gold rush began in 1874
Who produced the first effective barbed wire and when?
1873, Joseph Glidden
What were some innovative ways which provided water?
Deep drilled wells and steel windmills
What did expansion in agriculture lead to?
Increase in production
What did American wheat exports rise to from 1867 to 1902?
1867: 6 million bushels of wheat 1902: 102 million bushels of wheat
What happened to Native American children?
Put into boarding schools to be assimilated
By 1899, how much money was being spent each year on boarding schools for native Americans?
$2.5 million
Dawes Act 1887
Divided up reservations and each head of a Native American family were given 160 acres
What happened at the Battle of Wounded Knee 1890?
Final tragedy for native Americans - Sioux tribe were defeated
Who devised a route for cattle to be driven from Texas to the North and what was this known as?
Joseph McCoy “The Long Drive”
How many cowboys were there in 1880 and what did they do?
40,000 drove cattle north
What ended the long drives?
A series of bad winters in 1885-87
What made transportation easier and contributed to the end of the long drives?
Railways
In 1893, what did Frederick Jackson Turner write an essay about?
An essay on the importance of the Frontier and its impact on American character
