Agents acting on Renin-angiotensin system 2

Question 1

ARBs stand for what?

Answer 1

Angiotensin receptor blockers

Question 2

Caution for ARBs in patient

Answer 2

Caution in patient with renal artery stenosis

Question 3

Contra-indications of ARBs

Answer 3

Contraindication: pregnancy – cause foetal injury and death

Question 4

Adverse effects of ARBs

Answer 4

Adverse effects: hyperkalemia, neutropenia, increase hepatic
aminotransferase enzymes

Question 5

Explain the where is ARBs safe to use

Answer 5

Safe to use in diabetes mellitus (do not affect serum glucose), gout (do not
increase serum uric acid levels), dyslipidaemias (do not increase
cholesterol levels), ACEI-mediated angioedema (only 8% cross-reactivity)

Question 6

The ARBs has equally effective as ACEIs in treating what?

Answer 6

• Equally effective (as ACEIs) in treating hypertension and rarely cause dry
  cough

Question 7

Explain the MoA of ARBs

Answer 7

Selectively block AT1 receptors (antagonising effects of ATII)
* Reduce vasoconstriction, aldosterone secretion, sodium reabsorption by the
proximal tubule and norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerve terminals

Question 8

explain the metabolism of Losartan

Answer 8

First pass metabolism to an active metabolite

Question 9

The PPB for Losartan is what?

Answer 9

99%

Question 10

Half-life of losartan

Answer 10

1.5-2.5 hours

Question 11

Half life of active metabolites of losartan

Answer 11

6-9 hours

Question 12

Maximum antihypertensive effects of losartan

Answer 12

3-6 weeks of treatment

Question 13

List the drug that is Uricosuric

Answer 13

LOSARTAN