ADV INFO - The 1964 election Flashcards

1
Q

Who were the Labour and Conservative leaders

A

Harold Wilson and Sir Alec Douglas-Home

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2
Q

How were Wilson and Douglas-Home compared

A

Wilson was much more impressive in the public eye than Douglas-Home

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3
Q

How did Wilson present himself in the campaign

A

he presented himself and his party as better fitted to lead the nation in the technological age that Britain had entered, edged him to victory

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4
Q

what were Labour able to do in reference to the swinging sixties

A

the Labour party present a younger, more with the image in line with the changing times

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5
Q

What did Wilson famously say

A

that he would ‘embrace the white heat of technology’

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6
Q

who imposed a series of unpopular deflationary policies

A

Chancellor Selwyn Lloyd

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7
Q

what happened to the government in 1963

A

its application to join the EEC was rejected, exposing how weak Britain had become on the international stage

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8
Q

What did unemployment reach in 1963

A

800,000

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9
Q

what did the high unemployment do

A

it dented this image that Britain had ‘never had it so good’

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10
Q

Where was there increasing disquiet among the right of the Conservative party

A

over West Indian and Asian immigration to Britain, forcing the Government to pass the Commonwealth immigration act in 1962

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11
Q

What was the issue with the appointment of Alec Douglas-Home

A

he had come from the House of Lords, first to the post of foreign secretary in 1963 and then to the PM replacing Macmillan

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12
Q

what was ADH’s appointment based off

A

the ‘formal consultation’ of Cabinet ministers

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13
Q

what did party chairman Macleod claim

A

it had been an undemocratic government by a ‘magic circle’ of Old Etonians around the PM

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14
Q

What was the establishment factor

A

Macmillan and his government from 1959 seemed increasingly out of touch with the socially mobile, affluent age

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15
Q

How much of the Cabinet after 1959 had come from Eton

A

half of them

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16
Q

What did Macmillan do that was quite out of tune with modern democracies

A

Macmillan did not hesitate to use politicians from the House of Lords

17
Q

What was the conservative government a big target of

A

political satire in theatre, radio and TV

18
Q

What damaged the Conservative party image

A

the antiquated system which had produced Douglas-Home as PM

19
Q

What undermined the 13 years the Conservatives had been in government

A

weariness and lack of spirit. There was less passion to undertake the necessary, less glamorous grass roots work

20
Q

Which scandals undermined the image of the Conservative party’s competence

A

Profumo Affair
Kim Philby Affair
Vassell Affiar

21
Q

what was the Vassell Affair

A

where John Vassell, a civil servant in the Admiralty, was caught spying for the Soviet Union

22
Q

what were the statistics for the election

A

317 Labour MPs were elected against 304 conservatives and 9 Liberals

23
Q

what had forced labour to carefully think about its future

A

the electoral disaster of 1959

24
Q

what question began to circulate about Labour

A

‘can labour ever win?’

25
Q

what happened in 1961 for Gaitskell

A

he won a conference vote on unilateral disarmament and by the time of his death in January 1963, he was in a commanding position within the party

26
Q

what was labour’s campaign slogan

A

‘new britain’, and it fitted the public mood that it was time for a change

27
Q

what did Wilson promise he would do

A

modernise industry, effective economic planning, scientific development and improved welfare, in order to compete with the USA and Japan

28
Q

Why did Home struggle in the campaign

A

general dissatisfaction with the Macmillan government, as well as the circumstances of Home’s appointment, put him in a difficult position

29
Q

what happened to Home during the campaign

A

he was heckled at numerous public meetings, including a particularly difficult one in Birmingham Rag Market a week before polling day

30
Q

what was the contrast between Home and Wilson

A

Wilson had taught economics at Oxford, whereas Home had recently made an ill-judged joke about using matchsticks to compensate for his lack of understanding of economic matters

31
Q

where did Wilson perform better than Home

A

on TV, although Home held eight open-air meetings a day, TV reached a much wider audience