ab psych test 2 (PTSD) Flashcards
Positive stress =
eustress
negative stress =
distress
What is a stressor?
the event
What is response?
our reaction
Fundamental adaptive value for survival
flight/fight/freeze
tend/befriend
True or false: stressful experiences change our reactions to future stressors
true
What does stress affect?
our ability to think and plan
increases our emotional system
suppresses the immune system
The physiology regarding stress
Prepare the body for action; shift from storing energy to using energy
Threat-relevant cues become critical
Autonomic nervous system
Fast acting epinephrine and norepinephrine
(HPA) axis that makes stored energy available for immediate use
What brain structures are included in the bodies stress response?
hypothalamus
hippocampus
amygdala
PFC
What can result in PTSD?
combat-related issues
war
family/social violence
sexual assault
natural disasters
accidents
Intrusion symptoms
recurrent, involuntary memories, dreams
Avoidance symptoms
of reminders, memories, feelings
increased arousal
hypervigilant, exaggerated startle response, sleep disturbances, irritability
US prevalence estimates using DSM-5-TR criteria: PTSD
12 month - 4.7%
Lifetime-6.1%-8.3%
PTSD prevalence gender
Women 2x men; longer duration in women
Who has the highest prevalence of PTSD?
survivors of rape, , military combat/captivity
True or false: PTSD symptoms can occur at any age
True
How long do PTSD symptoms have to be present before diagnosis?
at least one month
What is PTSD comorbid with?
depressive, bipolar, anxiety, OCD, SA disorders
elevated suicide risk
In hippocampus
damage to cells, reduce neural regeneration and dendritic branching, reduced volume from prolonged stress
Hyperresponsive amygdala
exaggerated fear response
What are some treatments for PTSD?
AntidepressantsAnxiolytics
Mood stabilizers
Anticonvulsants
Psychotherapies:
CBT
Behavioral interventions (exposure, EMDR)
