A3. Feeding and Nutrition of Fattening Pigs

Question 1

Onset and end of the fattening period

Initial and final BW

Answer 1

From Day 90- 30kg
Selection for breeding of fattening!

Until slaugheter weight; 120kg
Day 170-200

Question 2

First selection

Answer 2

From Day 90- 30kg

First selection –> Selection for breeding or fattening!

Question 3

Expected daily BW gain

Answer 3

Expected daily BW gain
21d ca 250-300g/day
90-180 ca 800g/day
But once the piglet reaches 7-11kg it grows at a very fast rate until the growth starts slowing down again around 50kg

Question 4

Aim of feeding

Answer 4

High feed intake
 –> optimal if no environmental stress (temperature influence)
High daily gain
 —> feeding strategies

Food feed efficiency (feed/gain optimal)
o Low Costs high gain
o Optimal lysine energy ratio(proteins)
- If we cover lysine, we cover other energy

Question 5

Feeds and their protein and energy contents,

Answer 5

The concept of phase feeding matches diets with specific nutrient compositions to the growth stage of the pig.
- It minimizes instances of overfeeding (wasting costly nutrients) and underfeeding (not meeting the nutrient requirements, causing suboptimal growth).

Need to know the lean gain potential –> body weight and lysine requirement
- Is it High lean or Industrial

Look at their amino acid upper limit
Their feed intake (energy density)
Mach nutrient requirements and feed consumption
Ambient temperature 
Enviroment

Question 6

Physical forms of diets

Answer 6

Wet or dry (pelleted) diet
One or more meal a day
Tap water –> appetite!

Question 7

Daily feed intake, feed efficiency,

Answer 7

Heavy hog production: 90-180. d.
Feeding practice
- ad libitum feeding;
- wet or dry (pelleted) diet;
- One or more meals/day;
- average W gain: 800 g/day;
- feed efficiency:  3.0 kg/kg;
- tap water --> appetite!

Question 8

Feeding technology

Answer 8

The concept of phase feeding;
- It minimizes instances of overfeeding (wasting costly nutrients) and underfeeding (not meeting the nutrient requirements, causing suboptimal growth).

DE	CP 	Kg	      Day	Intake kg
14	18	30-35	90	     1- 1.2 
14	15	50	        110	      2,0
14	15	80	         140	      2,5
14	13	120	          180	3-3.5 kg

Question 9

Prevention of ulcer

Answer 9

Factors influecning the production

- Location of the farm
- Feed the gilts the diet of a previous phase
- Antinutritives: be sure not to give poor quality feed
- Pellet size: flocking rate of animal, depend on technology, influences the gastric ulceration