A2.2 Cell structure SL Flashcards

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1
Q

Cell theory

A

All organisms have cells; cells form from existing cells.

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2
Q

Purpose of stains in microscopy

A

Stains highlight specific cell structures for visibility. Examples: iodine for plants, methylene blue for animals

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3
Q

Convert micrometers to millimeters

A

Divide micrometers by 1000. (1 mm = 1000 μm)

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4
Q

Magnification formula in microscopy

A

Magnification = Image Size / Actual Size

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5
Q

Steps for a temporary cell mount

A

Slice specimen thinly, place on slide, add stain, cover gently with a cover slip

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6
Q

Electron Microscope

A

A microscope that uses a beam of electrons to create an image of the specimen

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7
Q

Resolution of a light microscope

A

200 nm

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8
Q

Electron vs Light Microscope

A

Electrons have shorter wavelengths

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9
Q

Freeze Fracture Microscopy

A

Reveals internal structures by freezing

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10
Q

Cryogenic Electron Microscopy

A

Freezing improves resolution and reduces damage

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11
Q

Prokaryotic Cell

A

No nucleus, smaller size

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12
Q

Eukaryotic Cell

A

Contains nucleus, larger size

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13
Q

Prokaryotic Cell Size

A

Ranges from 0.1 to 5.0 μm

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14
Q

Ribosome Differences

A

Prokaryotes 70S, Eukaryotes 80S

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15
Q

Nucleoid

A

DNA region in prokaryotes

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16
Q

Metabolism

A

Chemical reactions in cells

17
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintaining internal conditions

18
Q

Unicellular Nutrition

A

Obtaining/producing nutrients

19
Q

Paramecium Cilia

A

Enables movement and stimuli response

20
Q

Binary Fission

A

Asexual reproduction method

21
Q

Lysosomes

A

Digestive organelles in animals

22
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Photosynthesis organelles in plants

23
Q

Fungal Cell Walls

A

Composed of chitin

24
Q

Centrioles

A

Involved in cell division

25
Q

Plant Vacuoles

A

Regulate osmosis, store substances