Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P 2 > A&P 2.13 neurotransmitters > Flashcards

A&P 2.13 neurotransmitters Flashcards

1
Q

Deep six lateral/external rotators of the hip in order they attach to femur superior to inferior and lateral to medial as they attach to the trochanter

A 
Piriformis
Gamellus superior
Obturator internus
Gemellus inferior
Obturator externus
Quadratus femorus

PGOGOQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Piriformis

A, I, O

A

A- lateral rotation of the femur and extension of the hip; abduction, horizontal abduction, and medial rotation of the FLEXED HIP

I - distal attachment - upper border of the greater trochanter (superior aspect)

O - proximal attachment - anterior surface of the sacrum

Pear shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Gamellus superior

A, I, O

A

A - lateral rotation of the femur/hip (extension)

I - distal attachment - medial surface of the greater trochanter

O - proximal attachment -ischial spine (dorsal surface)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gemellus inferior

A, I, O

A

A - lateral rotation of the femur/hip (extension)

I - distal attachment - medial surface of greater trochanter

O - proximal attachment - ischial tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Synapse

Defined

A

The place where signals are transmitted from one neuron (presynaptic neuron) to another neuron (postsynaptic neuron) or a postsynaptic cell such as a muscle fiber or gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Two types of synapses

A

Electrical

Chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Electric synapse found

A

Between cardiac muscle cells and some smooth muscle cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chemical synapse

General

A

Most common type of synapse in the body

Uses chemicals called neurotransmitters to send a signal from the presynaptic cell to the post synaptic cell

PRIMARILY ACYTLECHOLINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Three structures make up a chemical synapse

A

Synaptic knob (presynaptic)
Synaptic cleft
Plasma membrane of a postsynaptic cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nerve cell = neuron

A

.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Neurotransmitter

Defined

A

Chemicals by which neurons communicate

They are the means by which neurons talk to one another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Neurotransmitter

How they work

A

They are released by a Neuron, diffuse across the synapse, and bind to a postsynaptic cell (usually another neuron)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Neurotransmitters act to

A

Facilitate/stimulate

Or

Inhibit action potentials at synapses throughout the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Neurotransmitters classified by

A

Function

Chemical structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Neurotransmitters

Classified by function

2

A

Excitatory

Inhibitory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Excitatority

A

Causes depolarization (signal continues)

17
Q

Inhibitory

A

Causes hyperpolarization (slows down or stops signal)

18
Q

Neurotransmitters

5

A 
Acetylcholine 
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine 
Endorphins
19
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Excitatory (skeletal muscle) or

inhibitory (cardiac muscle),

located in junctions with motor effectors (muscles, glands), and many parts of the brain also involved in memory

20
Q

Dopamine

A

Mostly inhibitory, involved in emotions/moods and in regulating motor control - located in the brain and the autonomic nervous system

PARKINSON’S

21
Q

Epinephrine/norepinephrine

A

Both are excitatory and inhibitory

E acts as a hormone when secreted by sympathetic neurosecretory cells of the adrenal gland

N regulates sympathetic effectors, in brain, involved emotional response. Also known as adrelinine FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE

22
Q

Endorphins

A

Mostly inhibitory, acts like opiates to block pain, located in several regions of the CNS, retina, and intestinal tract

23
Q

Neuromuscular junction

Defined

A

A type of connection between a motor neuron fiber and a muscle cell (chemical synapse)

24
Q

Neuromuscular junction

How it works

A

Nerve impulse reaches the end of a motor neuron fiber and small vesicles release acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft

Acetylcholine diffuses across to the sarcolemma of the adjacent muscle fiber and finds receptor sites

When the receptor sites are filled they initiate an electrical impulse in the sarcolemma

Impulse ultimately causes contraction of the muscle fiber

25
Q

Fight or flight response neurotransmitter

A

Norepinephrine

25
Q

Excitation

A

Process of synaptic transmission and induction of an impulse is called excitation

A&P 2 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions