A&P 2.11 Brachial Plexus, CN IX, XII Flashcards
Cranial nerve IX
Glossophayngeal
Mixed
Function: SENSORY:somatic taste, posterior tongue sensations (touch, pain, temp), proprioception in swallow muscles, visceral- monitor Hb pressure, O2/CO2 in Hb for regulating breathing rate and depth
MOTOR: somatic muscle function of swallowing and speech, ANS stimulates saliva secretion
Iliocostalis
O, I
O: sacrum and ilium via common tendon (lumborum), inferior borders of ribs 1-12 (thoracic and cervicis
I: inferior border of ribs 1-6 (thoracis), TP of lower cervicals (cervicis)
LUMBORIUM REGION INSERT INFERIOR BORDER 6-12????
Cranial nerve XII
Hypoglossal nerve
Mostly motor
Function: SENSORY- sensory proprioception from the tongue ,
MOTOR - movement of tongue during speech and swallowing
Brachial plexus
C5-T1
UE entirely innervated by brachial plexus branches
Travels from the neck under clavicle, to axilla
MASSAGE ENDANGERMENT SITE IN NECK AND AXILLA
Ventral rami has 5 branches
Brachial plexus
5 branches
Musculocutaneous Axillary Radial Ulnar Median
Musculocutaneous
Innervates the shoulder and elbow flexors (biceps, coracobrachialis, brachialis) and most of skin of anterior arm
Axillary
Innervates the deltoids, teres minor, and skin over those muscles
Radial
Runs thought the spiral groove in the posterior humerus between lateral and medial heads of triceps brachii
Runs from medial in armpit to lateral at the elbow
Innervates the posterior upper limb, triceps, anconeus, wrist, hand and finger extensions and skin of posterior UE
Ulnar
Runs down medial arm nest to coracobrachialis, passes behind medial epicondyle on its way to the ulnar side of the forearm
Innervates flexor carpi ulnaris and skin on the ulnar side of forearm and hand.
ENDANGERMENT SITE IN MEDIAL ARM AND BEHIND EPICONDYLE
Median
Named for location between radial and ulnar nerves
Runs down the medial arm with the ulnar nerve, then passes into the middle of the anterior forearm at the elbow
Innervates most of the wrist and finger flexors (EXCEPT FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS)
Passes through the carpal tunnel
Innervates the muscles and skin of the anterior side of the first 3.5 phalanges
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel
- often due to overuse and inflammation of flexor tendons and their sheaths passing through tunnel with nerve
- may also be caused by infection or trauma
- overuse risk activities= keyboards/computers, hair cutting, improper body mechanics while massaging client
Causes pain, tingling and numbness in the palmar side of the first 3.5 digits
Carpal tunnel syndrome
Neurological symptoms
Limited to the area innervated by the median nerve, distal to carpal tunnel
May be associated myofascial pain in proximal UE, shoulder and neck, but any neurological symptoms proximal to the wrist are something other than carpal tunnel syndrome
Dermatomes
An area of SKIN that provides sensory input to the CNS via the posterior roots of one pair of spinal nerves or via the trigeminal (V) nerve
Innervated by many cutaneous
Cutaneous nerve innervation
An area of skin that provides sensory input to the skin FROM A CUTANEOUS BRANCH OF A PLEXUS
A single cutaneous nerve distribution area (median) will contain portions of several dermatomes
Myotomes
A map of single motor neuron and skeletal muscle it effects. Tends to follow dermatome patterns in the sense that mytomes lie directly under their associated dermatomes. Single pair of nerve groups.
Example: the muscle that is innervated by C7 lies under the skin that is innervated by C7
