9- Collective Action (disadvantaged groups' perspectives) Flashcards
What theory directly links to collective action?
Social Identity Theory
What is social identity?
Someone’s sense of who they are based on group membership
What do groups give us?
A sense of belonging in the social world
Who came up with the Social Identity Model of Collective Action (SIMCA)?
Van Zomeren et al, 2008
3 factors of Social Identity Model of Collective Action (SIMCA)
Group identification, injustice, efficacy
What is group identification in SIMCA?
Individuals’ psychological ties with the relevant group
What is the perceived/felt group-based injustice in SIMCA?
Individuals’ perceptions of unfairness or experience of anger about the group’s disadvantage
What are group efficacy beliefs in SIMCA?
Individuals’ beliefs that the group is able to achieve group goals through unified effort
What are group efficacy beliefs unique and positive predictors of?
Individuals’ willingness to engage in collective action
What associations did Cakal et al find in the role of identification?
Between Black South Africans’ racial identification and collective action intentions
What associations did Nelson et al find in the role of identification?
Between feminist identification and feminist collective action
Who studied the role of identification?
Stuermer & Simon, 2004
Who were more likely to participate in collective action in Stuermer & Simon’s study?
Those who identified with a formal social movement organisation
Who studied injustice?
Bernburg, 2015
What link did Bernburg examine?
The link between economic crisis and collective action
What did Bernburg study using a survey?
Role of perceived economic loss and political attitudes in protest behaviour
What did financial loss predict in Bernburg’s study and what conditions were needed for this?
Protest support and participation, only if they believed their losses to be greater than losses of others
What did left-wing political attitudes and beliefs in extensive corruption predict? (Bernburg)
Protest participation and support
What was the likelihood of protests positively related to? (Bernburg)
Perceived injustice
What is efficacy a subjective sense of?
Injustice insufficient for collective action to occur
What idea is efficacy to explain collective action?
Idea that people engage in collective action if they believe this will make it more likely that relevant goals are achieved
Why do we need a sense of efficacy for collective action?
It allows us to believe the group has the capacity to engage in collective action
Who investigated efficacy?
Sabherwal et al
What was Sabherwal et al’s hypothesis?
Familiarity with Greta Thunberg is positively associated with collective action intentions through collective efficacy beliefs
What did Sabherwal et al believe collective efficacy beliefs mediate?
The associated between familiarity and collective action intentions
What did Sabherwal et al find that familiarity with Greta Thunberg was positively associated with?
Collective action intentions through collective efficacy beliefs
Which age groups were Sabherwal et al’s found associations present across?
All age groups
Who were Sabherwal et al’s associations stronger among?
Those who identify as more liberal
What are moral convictions for collective actions?
Motivation to protect moral beliefs by fighting for what one stands for
What are moral convictions?
Individuals’ feelings that their stance on a particular issue reflects their core belief about right and wrong
Who investigated dietary behaviours as a form of collective action?
Judge et al
What was Judge et al’s research question?
What motivates vegans to engage in collective action on behalf of this social group?
What did individuals who more frequently engaged in vegan activism show? (Judge et al- 4 points)
Stronger moral convictions, more collective efficacy, anger, identification
What can injustice, efficacy, morality, and identification be linked to?
Emotional component
What do emotions have a key role in?
Human functioning
What does environmental cognitive appraisal lead to?
Emotional experience, and inclines individuals towards actions
How is anger important for collective action?
It is the emotional experience of injustice about collective disadvantage
Who investigated anger?
Stanley et al, 2011
What was Stanley et al’s hypothesis?
Eco-anger is positively associated with collective action on climate change
2 factors investigated by Stanley et al
Eco-emotions
Pro-climate behaviour: collective action behaviours and individual behaviours
What did Stanley et al find eco-anger was positively associated with?
Collective action and individual behaviours
What is the idea behind the collective perspective?
Empowering minority groups and collectively acting to demand change to correct perceived injustice
What aspects are associated in SIMCA and what do these motivate?
Group identification, perceived injustice, efficacy, and emotions motivate normative and non-normative collective actions
What violation is an important motivator to act?
Violation of moral standards
What may undermine social change?
Intergroup contact
How did Cakal et al find that contact with Whites affected Black South Africans?
Contact was negatively related to relative deprivation perceptions, collective action, and support for ingroup favouring policies
What relationship did Cocco et al study?
Relationship between intergroup contact and collective action benefitting disadvantaged groups
What effects did intergroup contact have for members of socially advantaged groups?
Had a mobilising effect- stronger when contact increased awareness of injustice
What contact mobilised collective action for disadvantaged groups?
Contact that increased awareness of injustice
What contact produced sedative effects for disadvantaged groups?
Contact that made legitimacy of group hierarchy or threat more salient
