10- What is Culture?

Question 1

7 aspects of behaviours

Answer 1

Norms, rules, customs, traditions, habits, practices, fashions

Question 2

What can symbols represent?

Answer 2

Things or ideas

Question 3

What examples of different forms of symbols?

Answer 3

Material object, colour, sound, slogan, buildings, flags

Question 4

Are meanings of symbols subjective or objective?

Answer 4

Subjective

Question 5

What did Wundt believe about psychological experiments?

Answer 5

They are too limited in researching human behaviour

Question 6

What did the psychology branch that Wundt came up with use?

Answer 6

Comparative methods

Question 7

What did Wundt’s branch of psychology deal with?

Answer 7

Communal and cultural products of human nature

Question 8

How did Triandis define cross-cultural psychology?

Answer 8

Study of behaviour and experience as occurring in different cultures

Question 9

How did Shiraev & Levy define cross-cultural psychology?

Answer 9

Critical and comparative study of cultural effects

Question 10

What do comparative methods allow?

Answer 10

Verification of whether psychological mechanisms are universal or culture specific

Question 11

2 things that phenomena can be

Answer 11

Universal or culturally specific

Question 12

What are the 2 levels of cross-cultural analysis?

Answer 12

Western vs Eastern cultures + large industrialised vs small-scale societies

Question 13

Definition of cultural universal?

Answer 13

Something common to humans worldwide

Question 14

2 examples of culturally universal phenomena

Answer 14

Perceiving colour and personality structure

Question 15

How did Shackleford et al investigate partner preferences?

Answer 15

Investigating partner preferences

Question 16

What did Shackleford et al find?

Answer 16

Gender differences were replicated across cultures

Question 17

What did women place greater valuation on when looking for a partner?

Answer 17

Status, dependability and education

Question 18

What did men place greater valuation on when looking for a partner?

Answer 18

Good looks and desire for children

Question 19

What did Wood & Eagly find?

Answer 19

Gender equality differs between cultures and this may explain differences in partner preferences between cultures

Question 20

What is self-enhancement?

Answer 20

Tendency to focus on positive self-information instead of negative

Question 21

Who have been suggested to self-enhance more?

Answer 21

Westerners more than East Asians

Question 22

When did East Asians self-enhance more?

Answer 22

When comparing themselves to the average