10- Individualistic vs Collectivist Cultures Flashcards
What do people in individualistic cultures focus on more?
Independence and on themselves
What form of the self is found more in individualistic cultures?
Independent self
What do people focus more on in collectivistic cultures?
More on goals and welfare of the group + others
What form of the self is found more in collectivistic cultures?
Interdependent self
What does the distinction between the independent self and interdependent self reflect?
A fundamental difference to how the self is subjectively organised relative to the group
What is the key belief of individualism?
Individuals’ rights are more important than duties
What is the key belief of collectivist cultures?
Duties of individuals are more important than rights
What is care for in individualism?
Self and family
What is care for in collectivism?
Group harmony
What is emphasis placed on in individualism?
Autonomy and self-actualisation
What is emphasis on in collectivism?
Group belongingness and group related duties
Which traits are valued in individualism?
Self-focused traits
Which characteristics are valued in individualism?
Agentic characteristics
Which traits are valued in collectivism?
Other focused traits
Which characteristics are valued in collectivism?
Communal characteristics
When Markus & Katayama compared individualistic vs collectivistic cultures, what did they find?
Individualistic cultures believe ‘others are more similar to me’ than ‘I am to others’
Collectivistic cultures believe the self is more similar to others
An example showing the influence of individualism vs collectivism
“Better than average effect”
What does the “better than average effect” refer to in individualistic cultures?
More agentic qualities
What does the “better than average effect” refer to in collectivist cultures?
More communal qualities
What is individualism vs collectivism not meant to be?
A solid dichotomy
What differences are there apart from individualism vs collectivism?
Within culture differences
