5- Introduction to Prejudice Flashcards
What are stereotypes?
Cognitive associations
Who are stereotypes made about?
A social group and specific characteristics
Why does prejudice occur?
Due to negative associations (stereotypes) of social groups
What is prejudice?
An unfavourable attitude towards members of a social group
What is discrimination?
A behaviour
Why does discrimination occur?
Expressing an unfavourable attitude
How do people divide themselves into groups?
Based on their social identity
How does social identity theory explain prejudice?
We identify with our ingroup and discriminate against our outgroup
What 4 dimensions do Choma & Hudson suggest interact to create different identities and groups?
Normal vs abnormal
Group/situation vs person/individual differences
How does abnormal behaviour interact with person/individual differences?
Maladjustment
How does abnormal behaviour interact with the group/situation?
Aggravated conflict
How does normal behaviour interact with person/individual differences?
Cognitive rigidity and threat sensitivity
How does normal behaviour interact with the group/situation?
Competition and status quo
What theories explain maladjustment?
Psychodynamic authoritarianism
What theories explain aggravated conflict?
Terror management theory
Frustration-aggression
Scapegoating
What theories explain cognitive rigidity and threat sensitivity?
Right-wing authoritarianism
Social dominance orientation
What theories explain competition and status quo?
Social identity theory
System justification theory
Aversive, symbolic & modern racism
How does terror management theory explain prejudice?
We engage in ideologies that create prejudical attitudes in order to protect themselves from the feeling of oncoming threat
How does the frustration-aggression theory explain prejudice?
People often express their frustration and show aggression in a prejudiced way
How does right-wing authoritarianism explain prejudice?
People believe we should submit with authority and those who don’t are met with prejudice
How does social dominance orientation explain prejudice?
People believe in social hierarchies and therefore forget where people stand in meritocratic society
How does social identity theory explain prejudice?
We have an inherent need to belong to groups and prejudice is a by-product of this categorisation
