8.3 bio

Question 1

DNA vs RNA

Answer 1

DNA
-sugar is deocyribo
-thymine (still w/ A,C,G)
- 2 strands
- one job (store genetic info)
RNA
- sugar is ribo
- Uricell (w/ A,C,G)
- multi functional
-temporary carrier of info
- Synthesis of a protein
Both
-made up of nucleotides
- Same 3 parts
- Adenine(A), Guanine(G), Cysteine(C)
-sugar Phosphate backbone is same
- can form hydrogen bonds between compliment strands
a=t c=g

Question 2

Base pairing rules

Answer 2

ATCG
UAGC

Question 3

alternative splicing

Answer 3

Allows us to produce multiple proteins from 1 gene
- keeps different combinations of exons
- different RNA sequences result in different protein structure/ functions

Question 4

different parts of a eukaryotic gene

Answer 4

ENHANCER/SILENCER- Additionsal binding sites for transcription
PROMOTER- start site of transcription
-most eukaryotic promoter contain a TATA box
- signals transcription factors then RNA polymerase
EXONS- Sequences that will be present in the mRNA
INTRONS- will be spliced out and removed

Question 5

Stages of transcription

Answer 5

TF(Transcription factors)
INITIATION- TF bind to promoter , attract and prepare RNA poly to begin copying gene sequence into mRNA
ELONGATION
- Rna poly breaks free of the TF
- A protective 5’ cap is added to RNA
-Splice out introns
TERMINATION
- At the polydenylation sit, the termination sequence is recognized and cut
- A Poly A tail is added to the end of RNA molecule

Question 6

Splicing

Answer 6

• Edit out introns
• Make mature mRNA trans.
• Only happens in eukaryotes