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Anatomy > 8 Nervous System (Lecture) > Flashcards

8 Nervous System (Lecture) Flashcards

0
Q

Autonomic motor

A

Involuntary

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1
Q

Inter neuron

A

Communicates within the CNS. Cognition

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2
Q

Somatic Motor

A

Voluntary

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3
Q

Efferent Neurons

A

Toward PNS Motor

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4
Q

Visceral Sensory

A

Unconscious

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5
Q

Somatic Sensory

A

Conscious

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6
Q

Afferent Neurons

A

Toward CNS Sensory

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7
Q

Epyndynal

A

Neuroglia of the CNS

Removes plasma from the blood to produce CSF

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8
Q

Oligodendrocytes

A

Neuroglia of CNS
Same as Schwann cells (Neurolemmocytes)
Protect and wrap around axon (myelin sheath)

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9
Q

Microglia

A

Neuroglia of the CNS

Phagocytes engulf cellular waste and pathogens

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10
Q

Astrocytes

A

Neuroglia of the CNS

Maintain blood brain barrier. Keeps out hormones and amino acids.

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11
Q

Neurolemmocytes

A

Neuroglia of the PNS

Schwann cells wrap around the axon. Myelin sheath.

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12
Q

Satellite cells

A

Neuroglia of the PNS

Found around the nerve cell body

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13
Q

Parasympathetic

A

Rest and digest

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14
Q

Sympathetic

A

Fight or flight

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15
Q

Autonomic

A

Reflex not conscious

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16
Q

Somato

A

Refers to things that are conscious

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17
Q

Dendrites

A

Receives chemical signals and converts them to electrical signals. Autonomic neuronal process

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18
Q

Axons

A

Transmits electrical signals. Only axons have synaptic terminals.
Autonomic neuronal process

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19
Q

Unipolar neurons

A

Sensory. 1 projection from cell body. All are sensory.

Autonomic Neuronal process

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20
Q

Bipolar neurons

A

(Retina). 2 projections from cell body.

Autonomic neuronal process

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21
Q

Multipolar neurons

A

Motor. Many projections. Motor and inter euro a are multipolar
Autonomic neuronal process

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22
Q

Receptive Zone contains…

A

Dendrites. Receivers if chemical signals and converters to electrical signals.

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23
Q

Trigger Zone contains…

A

Soma- nerve cell body

Axon Hillock - where axon meets soma

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24
Q

Conduction zone contains…

A

Axons & Nerves

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25
Q

Secretory zone contains…

A

Synaptic terminal
Synapse
Dendrite/muscle/gland

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26
Q

ACH

A

Acetylcholine is an NTR that is used by the parasympathetic NS to stimulate skeletal muscle.

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27
Q

Norepinephrine

A

is an NTR used by the sympathetic NS to increase HR, BP, BR

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28
Q

Dopamine

A

Is a NTR used by the CNS in the reward center of the brain.

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29
Q

Serotonin

A

Is a NTR associated with mood and hunger

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30
Q

GABA

A

Is a NTR associated with fear and anger.

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31
Q

White matter

A

Myelinated axons

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32
Q

Gray matter

A

Nerve cell bodies

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33
Q

Gyrus

A

Elevated structures at the surface if the brain

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34
Q

Sulcus

A

Groove structures on the surface of the brain

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35
Q

Fissure

A

Deep gap on the surface of the brain

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36
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest part of the brain. Divided into L&R hemispheres

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37
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

Dark outer edge controls all conscience activity

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38
Q

Frontal lobes

A

Problem solving, cognitive activities

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39
Q

Central sulcus

A

Separates frontal and parietal lobes

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40
Q

Primary motor cortex

A

Voluntary behavior starts

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41
Q

Insula

A

Continuously aware of taste and smell

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42
Q

Temporal lobes

A

Anaylize auditory information.

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43
Q

Occipital Lobes

A

Eyes convert light into electrical signals the brain can understand

44
Q

Language centers

A

Left side of brain includes speech center and interpretive area

45
Q

Speech center

A

Broca’s area produces speech controls muscles of speech

46
Q

General interpretive area

A

Wernicke’s area controls hearing and words

47
Q

The lymbic system

A

Emotional states

48
Q

Cingulate gyrus (limbic cortex)

A

Expressing emotion

49
Q

Fornix

A

Channel for emotional info

50
Q

*Hypothalmus

A

Regulates homeostatic functions

51
Q

Osmoregulatory center

A

Thirst

52
Q

Mammillary body

A

Controls eating and swallowing

53
Q

Amygdala

A

Controls fear and anger

54
Q

Hippocampus

A

Converts short term to long term memory

55
Q

Septum pellucidum

A

Separates L and R ventricles

56
Q

Choroid plexus

A

Network of blood vessels where CSF is produced

57
Q

Pineal gland

A

Regulates circadian rhythms

58
Q

Thalamus

A

edits and routes nearly all incoming sensory information

59
Q

Optic chiasm

A

Where the 2 optic nerves partially crossover

60
Q

Midbrain

A

occulomotor reflex center

61
Q

Superior colliculi

A

Controls movement of your eyes as you track a moving object

62
Q

Inferior colliculi

A

Controls shape of lens and size of pupil

63
Q

Reticular formation

A

Controls levels of contiousness

64
Q

Pons

A

Part of brain stem
Egg shaped
Controls urinary reflex

65
Q

Cerebral aqueduct

A

Channel for CSF between 3rd and 4th ventricles

66
Q

Cochlear reflex

A

Balance

67
Q

Emesis reflex

A

Vomiting

68
Q

Cerebellum

A

Controls highly skilled practiced behaviors

69
Q

With nerves like vessels
Blue is …
Red is …

A

Blue is sensory

Red is motor

70
Q

Prefix spinal indicates

A

Motor tracts

71
Q

Prefix spino indicates

A

Sensory tracts

72
Q

Finiculos

A

White matter around the cord

73
Q

Dorsal white columns (funiculi)

A

Sensory touch proprioception kinesthesia

74
Q

Anterior white columns (funiculi)

A

Relay ANS motor info

75
Q

Lateral columns (funiculi)

A

Relay somatic motor info

76
Q

Gray matter of spinal cord

A

Butterfly in central cord

77
Q

Dorsal horns

A

Sensory

78
Q

Lateral horns

A

Autonomic

79
Q

Ventral horns

A

Voluntary motor

80
Q

Commissure of spinal cord

A

Line between butterfly wings (info crossover)

81
Q

Anterior median fissure of spinal cord

A

A gap that separates L and R spinal cord

82
Q

What level does the cord end

A

L1

83
Q
  • Conus medullaris of spinal cord
A

Where spinal cord narrows to a point

84
Q
  • Cauda equina of spinal cord
A

Many strands of the cord below L1

85
Q
  • Filum terminale of spinal cord
A

Connects to coccyx holds cord in place

86
Q

Rootlets

A

Nerve fibers that connect directly to the spinal cord

87
Q

Nerve roots

A

Formed by the merger of rootlets

88
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves

A

31

89
Q

Sympathetic nerves exit the spine at

A

T1 to L1

90
Q

Which NTR is used by the sympathetic NS

A

Norepinephrine

91
Q

Lateral para vertebral ganglia

A

Nerve cell bodies that parallel the colum

92
Q

Anterior collateral ganglia

A

Nerve cell bodies that are anterior to the cord and control digestion

93
Q

Which NTR is used by the parasympathetic NS

A

ACH

94
Q

Parasympathetic nerves exit the spine at

A

S2 - S4

95
Q

Target organ ganglia

A

Nerve cell bodies that are close to the organs they serve

96
Q

Intramural ganglia

A

Nerves cell bodies with in the organ they control

97
Q

I Olfactory

A

Smell

98
Q

II Optic

A

Vision

99
Q

III Occulomotor

A

Size of pupil shape of lens

100
Q

IV Trochlear

A

Depress eyes (look down)

101
Q

V Trigeminal

A

Corneal Reflex (blinking)

102
Q

VI Abducens

A

Rotates eyes

103
Q

VII Facial

A

Controls tears and salivary glands

104
Q

VIII Vestibulocholear

A

Hearing and Balance

105
Q

IX Glossopharengeal

A

Swallowing

106
Q
  • X Vagus
A

HR BP Digestion

107
Q

XI Acessory

A

Turn your head

108
Q

XII Hypoglossal

A

Movement of tongue

Anatomy (30 decks)

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