1 Anatomy & Physiology (Lecture) Flashcards
Atoms are
fundimental units of matter
Moiecules are
combinations of atoms
Organelles are
particles that perform
Cells are
fundimental units of life
Tissues are
groups of similar cells that perform the same function.
Organs/Glands
Structures that perform specialized functions
Organ Systems
Groups of organs that work together
Organism
organ systems working together to make a body
Region
where the structure is located
Attachments
What is connected to the structure
Gross anatomy
large visable structures
Superficial anatomy
surface structures
XXX Regional anatomy
specific location internal and external
Systemic anatomy
specific organ systems
Histological anatomy
microscopic structure
Developemental anatomy
growth and change
Clinical anatomy
this is how organs change of desease
Cephalic
Head
Otic
Ear
Occular
Eye
Cervical
Neck
Thoracic
Chest
Axillary
Arm pit
Brachial
Upper Arm
Antebrachium
Lower Arm
Antecubital
Front of Elbow
Olecranon
Back of Elbow
Carpus
Wrist
Manus
Hand
Acromial
Shoulder
Lumbar
Lower Back
Inguinal (groin)
Leg meets Pelvis
Pubis
Front of Pelvis
Femoral
Upper Leg
Crural
Lower Leg
Patellar
Front of Knee
Popiteal
Back of Knee
Tarsus
Ankle
Pedis
Foot
Plantar
Bottom of foot
Integument
Skin
Skeletal
Appendicular and Axial
Muscle
Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth
Nervous
CNS Brain & Spine PNS Everything else
Endocrine
Pineal, Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas, Ovary, Testies
Cardiobascular
Heart and 3 Large Vessels (Aorta, Vena Cava Sup and Inf)
Lymphatic / Immune
Thymus, Spleen, Lymph nodes
Respiratory
Nasal cavity, Sinuses, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachia, Lung, Bronchi, Diaphram
Digestive
Salivary gland, Mouth , Teeth , Pharnyx, Esophagus, Liver, Gallbladder, Stomach, Pancrease, Small Intestine, Large Intestitne, Anus
Urinary
Kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
Reproductive
Ovary and Testie
Homeostasis
Ability to maintain a stable internal environment
External Environment
Digestive tract, Respiratory tract, Urinary tract
Internal Environment
Fluid around cells. Extra cellular fluid
Interstitial fluid
surrounds all of the living cells of the body
Plasma
fluid in blood vessels
Trans-cellular fluid
fills some holllow organs like eyes and joints
Intra-cellurar fluid
fluid inside cells
XXX Negative feedback
process of reversing a change
Reflex arc
consists of 3 parts (sensory receptors, control center, effectors)
Sensory Receptors
detects changes communicates to brain along an afferent pathway
Control center
anylizes sensory input and determines a response. The brain relays changes along an efferent pathway.
Effectors
Muscles & Glands that restore homeostasis
Anatomic position
Standing facing forward palms forward
Prone position
face down horizontal
Supine position
face up horizontal
Anatomy
Structure (morphology)




Sagittal / Medial
Divides L & R
Coronal / Frontal
Divides front and back
Transverse / horizontal / transaxial
divdes top and bottom
Dorsal cavity
Brain & Spine
Crainial cavity
Brain
Vertebral cavity
spine
Ventral cavity
shoulder to diaphragm
Thoracic Cavity
shoulder to diaphragm
Pleural Cavity
contains lungs
Mediastinum
cavity between lungs
Abdominal cavity
Pelvice cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity
Pericardial Cavity
Holds the heart