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Anatomy > 2 Biochemistry (Lecture) > Flashcards

2 Biochemistry (Lecture) Flashcards

1
Q

Atoms

A

Fundamental unit of matter made of sub atomic particles

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2
Q

Protons

A

In the neucleous always have posative charge

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3
Q

Neutons

A

in the neucleous no charge

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4
Q

Electrons

A

orbit the neucleus always have negative charge

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5
Q

Elements

A

Determineid by the number of protons

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6
Q

Ions

A

an atom that has gained or lost an electron

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7
Q

Cation

A

lost and electron posative

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8
Q

Anion

A

gained an electron negative

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9
Q

Electrolytes

A

an ion in water

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10
Q

Natrium =

A

Sodium

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11
Q

Kalium =

A

Potassium

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12
Q

Hyper Kalemia =

A

High potassium

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13
Q

Elements of the Body “CHOPNS”

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Potassium, Nitrogen, Sodium

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14
Q

XXX Isotopes

A

Atom that has gained or lost an electron

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15
Q

Radioisotopes are used in medicine 2 ways

A

Imaging and Chemotherapy

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16
Q

Molecules

A

IE; CO2 H2O

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17
Q

Macromolecules

A

billions of molecules IE; DNA

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18
Q

XXX Acids

A

any component that releases Hydrogen ions is an acid H+

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19
Q

Bases

A

Releases hydroxide ions OH-

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20
Q

Neurtal pH

A

7.0

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21
Q

Normal body pH

A

7.4 blood

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22
Q

Buffers

A

anything that removes acid

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23
Q

Major organic compounds

A

Lipids, Carbohydrates, Protiens, Nucleic Acids

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24
Q

What is the most abundant organic compound

A

Carbohydrates

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25
Q

Where are carbohydrates produced

A

in photosynthesis

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26
Q

Fuel source for most cells

A

carbohydrates

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27
Q

suffix “ose”

A

means sugar (glucose, maltose, lactose)

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28
Q

Saccharides =

A

carbohydrates

29
Q

Polysaccharides

A

what we eat

30
Q

Polysaccharide Glycogen

A

from animals and is digestable

31
Q

Polysaccharide Starch

A

from plants and is digestable

32
Q

Polysaccharide Cellulose

A

from plants and is not digestable

33
Q

Disaccharides

A

enter small intestines with 2 carbs converted to monosaccarides

34
Q

Monosaccharides

A

are absorbed and used as fuel

35
Q

Lipids =

A

any organic compond that wont dissolve in water

36
Q

Which is the most diverse organic compound

37
Q

Lipids are used 2 ways

A

Structural components and energy storage (store in fat cells)

38
Q

Triglycerides

A

lipids that are stored in a fat cell

39
Q

Steroids

A

lipids that are used to make hormones and cholesterole (testosterone)

40
Q

Phospholipids

A

used to make cell membrane

41
Q

What is the most versatile organic molecule

42
Q

Amino acids

A

all protiens made of amino acids linked together

43
Q

Functions of potiens

A

structure, movement, transport, defense, regulate ph, enzymes

44
Q

Structure protiens

A

collagen and keratin building blocks

45
Q

Movement protiens

A

actin and myosin muscle contraction

46
Q

Transport protiens

A

Hemoglobin carries substances

47
Q

Defense protiens

A

Antibodies defense against pathogens

48
Q

pH rugulating protiens

A

Albumin acts as buffer

49
Q

Enzyme protiens

A

speed up chemical reactions

50
Q

Nucleic Acids

A

Information and energy storing molecules

51
Q

Energy storing nucleic acid

52
Q

Nucleotides

A

When linked up form Nucleic acids

53
Q

DNA

A

inside nucleus

54
Q

Double strand

55
Q

Instructions for making protien (gene)

56
Q

Replicates

57
Q

inside nucleus

58
Q

XXX RNA is located

A

in cytoplasam outside the nucleus

59
Q

Single strand

60
Q

Constructs protiens

61
Q

Assembles Amino Acids

62
Q

Does not replicate

63
Q

Cytosine (C) pairs with

A

Guanine (G)

64
Q

Adenine (A) pairs with

A

Thymine (T)

65
Q

Uracil (U) replaces ? in RNA

A

Thymine (T)

66
Q

ADP ATP

A

Releasing and storing

67
Q

C pairs with ?

A pairs with ?

DNA base pairs

68
Q

What replaces (T)

RNA

69
Q

What replaces (T)

RNA

Anatomy (30 decks)

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