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Anatomy > 18 Urinary System (Lecture) 8 > Flashcards

18 Urinary System (Lecture) 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of Urinary stystem

A

Electrolyte balance, Removal of waste, stabilize blood pH, regulate BP, conversion of nutrients

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2
Q

Upper urinary tract includes…

A

kidney only

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3
Q

Lower urinary tract includes…

A

ureters, bladder and urethra

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4
Q

Filtration system consists of…

A

nephrons clean the blood

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5
Q

Collection system cosists of …

A

every part of kidney and the lower urinary tract except the nephron make up the collection system

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6
Q

Where are kidneys located?

A

in the Retroperitoneum

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7
Q

*Where is Paranephric fat located?

A

surrounds kidney and adreanal gland connects kidneys to posterior abdominal wall.

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8
Q

*Where is Paranephric capsule?

A

Fibrus connective tissue surrounds kidney and adrenal gland.

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9
Q

*Where is Perinephric fat located?

A

Surround kidney only not adrenal

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10
Q

What is Renal capsule?

A

non functional layer just connective tissue

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11
Q

Renal cortex is comprised of…

A

Nephrons and Renal columns

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12
Q

What are nephrons?

A

Located in the cortex, cleans blood, 1,000,000 in each kidney. Can lose 75% and be fine.

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13
Q

Renal columns are?

A

Where the cortex projects into medulla

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14
Q

Renal medulla is where?

A

functional middle triangles

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15
Q

Renal Pyramids contain…

A

tubes that drain urine from the nephron

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16
Q

Renal Pelvis is where?

A

inner most layer of kidney is part ureter

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17
Q

Calyces are….

A

cups that drain urine from the pyramids.

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18
Q

Transitional epithelium is able to

A

Strech and change shape

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19
Q
  • Renal sinuses are where?
A

empty spaces bestween the calyces

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20
Q

*Blood vessels of the kidney…

A

Renal artery and vein, Interlobar vessels, arcuate vessels, cortical radiates.

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21
Q

*Renal artery extends from

A

aorta to kidney

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22
Q

*Renal vein extends from

A

kidney to inferior vena cava

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23
Q

*Interlobar vessels run…

A

the boarder between pyramids

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24
Q

*Arcuate vessels run…

A

boarder between cortex and medulla

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25
Q

*Cortical Radiates AKA Interlob(U)lar vessels run…

A

into the cortex

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26
Q

Afferent arteriole does…

A

brings blood into the glomerelus

27
Q

The Glomerulus is?

A

a capillary bed

28
Q

Efferent arterioles do what?

A

drains blood out of the glomerulus and delivers blood to peritubular capillary

29
Q

Peritubular capillary does what?

A

absorbs nutrients, water and salt

30
Q

Juxtaglomerular Complex (Apparatus)

A

endocrine structure makes Erythropoietin and Renin

31
Q

Erythropoietin does what?

A

stimulates bone marrow to produce mare RBC

32
Q

Renin does what?

A

Regulates BP and Electrolytes like sodium and potassium

33
Q

Collecting ducts do what?

A

They drain urine from the nephrons

34
Q

Renal Papillae are…

A

openings where urine flows out of collecting ducts

35
Q

Calyces minor and major do what?

A

drain urine from pyramids

36
Q

Renal pelvis does what?

A

drains urine from the calyces

37
Q

Hilum

A

notch in kidney

38
Q

Ureters

A

drain urine from the pelvis to the bladder

39
Q

Bladder sits where?

A

Retropubic

40
Q

What is the detrusor?

A

Thick wall of smooth muscle empties bladder

41
Q

What lines the inside of the bladder?

A

transitional epithelium

42
Q

What are the ridges that allow the bladder to expand?

A

Rugae

43
Q

Trigone of bladder does what?

A

Funnels direct urine to urethra

44
Q

What is the volume of the bladder when we first notice we have to pee?

A

200ml

45
Q

What is the volume of the bladder when we have to go NOW?

A

500ml

46
Q

What is the volume of the bladder when we lose the ability to hold it?

A

800ml

47
Q

What holds the bladder in place?

A

Median umbilical ligament

48
Q

Prostatic portion of the urethra….

A

passes through prostate

49
Q

Membranous portion of urethra…

A

passes through the muscle of the pelvic floor

50
Q

Cavernous portion of urethra…

A

passes through the male genitalia

51
Q

Internal urethral sphincter…

A

relaxes with urinary reflex

52
Q

External urethral sphincter…

A

involentary control

53
Q

What is the Micturition Reflex?

A

Urinary reflex loacated in Pons

54
Q

60% of the body’s water is…

A

inside cells it’s intracellular

55
Q

40% of the body’s water is…..

A

outside cell’s it’s extracellular

56
Q

Males are ?% water

A

60

57
Q

Females are ?% water

A

50

58
Q

Where does fluid intake come from?

A

60% Ingestion, 30% solid foods, 10% metabolic water (water made by breaking down nutrients)

59
Q

Where does fluid output come from?

A

60% urine, 4% Feces, 8% Perspiraton, 28% Exhaling.

60
Q

What types of fluid loss are insensible?

A

perspiration and exhaling

61
Q

Diuretic

A

any chemical that cause you to lose water (lasix, coffee)

62
Q

ADH is..

A

Anti diuretic hormone (stims retention of water)

63
Q

Aldosterone does what

A

helps the body retain salt (water follow salt)

64
Q

Alcohol

A

Inhibits (ADH) causes you to lose water

Anatomy (30 decks)

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