8. Kett’s And Other Rebellions Flashcards
How many counties saw unrest in the late spring to summer of 1549?
At least 25 counties
What are some counties that saw unrest in 1549?
Lincolnshire, Somerset, Hampshire, Warwickshire and Cambridgeshire.
What were the causes of unrest in the Midlands and East Anglia?
agrarian and social grievances
What were the causes of unrest in the south west?
Religious factors
What were the causes of unrest across the country?
Resentment of taxation
What happened to most of the uprisings of 1549?
They were put down quickly by local gentry and nobility
What was an example of nobility calming down an uprising?
The Earl of Arundel successfully calmed matters down in Sussex by meeting the rebels face to face at Arundel Castle, feeding them, listening to their grievances, and ordering the gentry to mend their ways
Who helped contain uprisings in many counties?
The earl of Shrewsbury
Where did the Earl of Shrewsbury contain uprisings?
Derbyshire, Shropshire, and Nottinghamshire
Who contained rest in Northamptonshire?
The local gentry retainers (private armies)
What did the failure of the gentry and nobility mark out?
The two most dangerous uprisings: Kett’s rebellion and the Western Rebellion
Why was the timing of the rebellions concerning for the government?
Their troops were busy in the south of Scotland, while others were in the south-east to ward off a potential French
What agricultural issues was Kett’s rebellion triggered by?
Enclosure
Where were the enclosure riots?
In the Norfolk towns of Attleborough and Wyndmondham
Who were the enclosure rioters in Norfolk angry with?
Local lawyer John Flowerdew
Why were rioters angry with John Flowerdew?
He started to demolish part of a local abbey and enclose other land.
What was the first article of the rebels demands?
To oppose any future enclosure
What did somersets anti enclosure commissions lead to?
Some rebels believed that he would be supportive of their actions
What were there complaints about (agricultural)?
Gentry manipulation of the foldcourse system
What was the foldcourse system?
A practice where the gentry grazed their sheep on the peasants’ unsown land, but the gentry had been exploiting the privilege.
What did the Norfolk rioters also demand (agricultural)?
- better fishing rights (rivers to be open to all)
- concerns on use of common land by the gentry
What did the rebels complain about (economic)?
Increase in rents
What was the cause of increased rents?
the result of widespread inflation, but was widely blamed on greedy landlords.
What was Norfolk hit hard by?
The decline in cloth trade, causing unemployment and an increase in poverty
What tax did labourers resent?
Sheep tax
How was Norfolk divided?
A particularly strong division between social groups
How much of the population of Norfolk owned most of the goods?
6 percent owned 60 percent of goods
Who received the most damage during the rebellion?
The houses of the wealthy
Who did the rebels attack?
Nobles and Gentry, beating to death Lord Sheffield
What did ranges of complaints suggest the rebellion was a result of?
Maladministration by the local noble family, the Howards.
What did rebels criticise about the running of local government?
complaining about the officers of the Court of Wards and other local officials
What did one article call for the end of?
serfdom, which was still practised on some of the Duke of Norfolk’s estates.
How were the rebels quite socially conservative?
They complained about people below the gentry in the social order having the right to keep doves and rabbits
What Protestant demands did the rebels ask for?
Priests to be resident in their parishes, which was a complaint about absenteeism
What was absenteeism?
Being away from work regularly
Where were some members of the gentry executed?
The tree of reformation
Who did they bring to their rebel camp?
Ministers who would use the new prayer book at their rebels camp in Mousehold Heath
What happened on 8 July 1549?
Labourers began tearing down hedges that had been used to enclose land near Wymonham
Who were rebels mainly angry at?
Local lawyer, John Flowerdew, who was enclosing land
What did Flowerdew attempt to do?
Attempted to turn the rebels against John Kett instead
What did Kett do in response to Flowerdew?
He turned the tables and assumed leadership of the unrest
What happened on the 9th July?
A force of 16,000 protestors began heading towards Norwich
What happened on the 12th July?
Rebels began camping on Mousehold Heath, near Norwich
What did local forces do on the 12th July?
They were sent to disperse the rebels and offer a pardon, but failed to
What happened on the 21st July?
Rebels started firing on Norwich
What happened on the 22nd July?
Norwich fell into rebel hands
How big was Norwich?
Englands second largest city after London
What happened on the 1st August?
The Marquis of Northampton tried to recapture Norwich but was defeated
How many troops did the Marquis of Northampton have?
14,000
What happened on the 27th August?
The rebels were defeated by forces led by Warwick
Who did Warwick later become?
Earl of Northumberland
How did Warwick defeat the rebels?
Using a combination of mercenaries and troops diverted from Scotland
What did the defeat of the rebels lead to?
The massacre of rebels at Dussindale
What happened to Kett?
Hanged for treason
How many rebel executions were there?
49
