59. Domestic Effects Of War With Spain Flashcards
What was purchased from Raleigh?
The flagship, the Ark Royal
Why were ships remodelled?
To give more room for artillery
What were the lords lieutenants ordered to do?
Review the local militias, train troops in the use of firearms, survey possible landing spaces for an invading fleet and build defences in such places
Who was interned?
Recusants whose loyalty was in doubt
Where was an army assembled?
Tilbury
How large was the army assembled at tilbury?
12,500 men
Who assembled the army at tilbury?
The earl of Leicester
Where were there more troops?
6000 at sandwich and more in London under Lord hunsdon
How much money did elizabeth raise from forced loans from the wealthy?
£75,000
How much money did elizabeth borrow from the city of London?
£56,000 at 10% interest
When did elizabeth give a famous speech?
August 1588
What did elizabeth say in her famous speech?
Mounted on a white horse, she said ‘I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king, and a king of England too.’
When was a thanksgiving service held?
November 1588
Where was a service of thanksgiving held?
St Paul’s cathedral
What did elizabeth do at the thanksgiving service?
She commissioned a celebratory medal, with the words ‘God blew his wind and they were scattered’
What happened because of elizabeth’s debts?
She couldn’t pay her sailors in full, and their condition was made worse by disease in the ports as the ships were laid up
What happened after the defeat of the armada?
More armadas wee prepared and invasion scares persisted through the 1590s
Who did elizabeth license to prey on Spanish shipping?
Privateers
What did elizabeth seize half the profits from?
The seizure of the Madre de Dios
When did elizabeth seize nearly half the profits from the seizure of the madre de dios?
1592
Why did elizabeth lose her £20,000 investment?
Spanish fleet escaped from Thomas Howard in 1591
How much treasure for elizabeth gain in 1595?
£4000 in return for her £28,000 investment
Where was the land war?
France and the Netherlands
How many men did elizabeth send to France?
4000 men in 1590, 6000 the next year, 4000 in 1594
How many of English men returned from France?
Only half of them
What gifts did elizabeth give to the French king, Henri IV?
£20,000 in 1589 and more in loans
Why did elizabeth feel like her money was wasted with Henri IV?
He made some questionable military decisions
What was English assistance to France a key element in?
Helping save Henri from defeat and Spanish domination of France
What did elizabeth’s troops and loans do for the Netherlands?
Gave the Dutch superiority
Who was determined to keep the Netherlands and France from Spanish control?
Burghley and his son Robert Cecil
Who agreed with Burghley and Robert Cecil?
Whitgift, Lord Buckhurst and Lord Cobham
Who wanted the war to be more focused on naval attacks?
Raleigh and Hawkins
What did Essex favour?
Any action as long as he could win some glory
Why was Essex a national hero?
After military success at Cadiz and was popular with younger sons of the gentry
When did Burghley die?
1598
What was total expenditure on war?
£4.5 million
How much money was spent in Ireland?
£2 million
What happened to the £300,000 surplus by the end of the reign?
Had all been spent
When did elizabeth sell crown lands?
1599-1600
How much money did elizabeth get from crown lands?
£200,000
What was a factor in increasing faction?
Kept positions vacant to avoid paying salaries so there were a smaller number of positions
Why did James VI keep in touch with elizabeth’s enemies?
To put pressure on elizabeth
Why didn’t James get involved in the war?
It could prompt elizabeth to debar him from the succession
Who did some of the Catholic leaders support?
Philip
Who urged the English to join the Spanish army?
Cardinal William Allen
Why did cardinal William Allen urge the English to join the Spanish army?
He was a Jesuit who was promised to be Archbishop of Canterbury if Philip was victorious
What did cardinal William Allen write?
Admonition to the people and nobility
Why did few take note of His Admonition to the People and Nobility?
It was suppressed as treasonous
Who did Catholic sympathisers in court favour?
Infanta Isabella’s claim to the throne
Who was an example of a Catholic sympathiser in court?
Lord Buckhurst
Who else backed the claim of Infanta Isabella?
The pope, Sixtus V, and Father Robert Parsons
Who hope James would become king?
Earl of Northumberland
What weakened the Catholics position?
Divisions among Catholics
