19. Marys Marriage To Philip

Question 1

Why was it a necessity that Mary should marriage?

Answer 1

So Catholic legacy was secured

Question 2

How old was Mary?

Answer 2

37

Question 3

Who were Mary’s two realistic candidates?

Answer 3

Edward Courtenay, Earl of Devon or Philip Of Spain

Question 4

Who was Edward Courtenay supported by?

Answer 4

Gardiner

Question 5

Who was Philip supported by?

Answer 5

Paget

Question 6

What was Edward Courtenay’s advantage?

Answer 6

He was related to the Plantagenets

Question 7

Who were the Plantagenets?

Answer 7

The English royal dynasty that held the throne from Henry II in 1154 to Richard III in 1485

Question 8

What was Philip’s advantage?

Answer 8

• His father, Charles V, offered moral support through Mary’s life.
  -the marriage would bring England close to the Habsburgs

Question 9

Who were the Habsburgs?

Answer 9

The European royal family to whom Mary was related (Charles V was Catherine of Aragons nephew)

Question 10

What were the disadvantages of Edward Courtenay?

Answer 10

He lacked courtly skills and Mary never liked him

Question 11

When did Mary raise the issue with the council?

Answer 11

27 October 1553

Question 12

What did Mary announce to the council in October 1553?

Answer 12

She planned to marry Philip

Question 13

Why was the decision of whom she should marry up to Mary?

Answer 13

Royal marriage was considered a matter of royal prerogative

Question 14

Who didn’t support Mary’s marriage to Philip?

Answer 14

The House of Commons

Question 15

What did the House of Commons do as a result of Mary’s announcement of her marrying Philip?

Answer 15

They issued a petition, which Mary ignored

Question 16

When was the marriage treaty presented to the council?

Answer 16

7 December 1553

Question 17

When was the marriage treaty approved?

Answer 17

January 1554

Question 18

What did the marriage treaty outline?

Answer 18

-an heir of the marriage would inherit England and the Low Countries but not Spain
-Philip was not allowed to take the queen or any children out of the country without the permission of the nobility
-Philip was given the title of the King but was to exercise none of the power that went with the title
-no foreigners were permitted to hold English offices
-if Mary predeceased Philip then he would have no claim on the English crown
-England was to upload the treaties of 1543 and 1546 with the Netherlands
-England was not to be involved in or pay the cost towards any of Philip’s wars

Question 19

What were the treaties of 1543 and 1546 with the Netherlands?

Answer 19

States that the former would come to the aid of the latter with 6000 men if the Netherlands were invaded by France

Question 20

When did the couple first meet?

Answer 20

23 July 1554

Question 21

When did the couple marry?

Answer 21

2 days after they met, 25 July 1554

Question 22

Where did the couple marry?

Answer 22

Winchester cathedral

Question 23

What did Philip think of Mary?

Answer 23

He wasn’t particularly enamoured by her so he spent as little time in England as possible

Question 24

How many years older than Philip was Mary?

Answer 24

Mary was 11 years older

Question 25

How many children came from the marriage?

Answer 25

Although Mary had a phantom pregnancy, no children resulted from the marriage

Question 26

What did Philip do despite the terms of the marriage treaty?

Answer 26

He requested naval supplies and support from England, which eventually drew England into war with France

Question 27

How much influence in government did Philip have?

Answer 27

Although the treaty limited his power, he could still exert some influence

Question 28

What is an example of Philip exerting his influence on government?

Answer 28

He helped to negotiate Cardinal Pole’s return to England as papal legate in 1554

Question 29

What was the marriage a contributing factor in?

Answer 29

Wyatt’s rebellion