52. The Impact Of War Flashcards
Who was England at war with in the 1590s?
Spain and Ireland
What was the main European conflict up to the 1590s?
The Dutch rebellion against the Spanish who controlled the Netherlands
Who did England support?
The Dutch rebels
Where and when did riots break out in the Netherlands?
Flanders in 1566
What did the rioting in Flanders lead to?
Many Flemings leaving Spain to settle in England
Why were the Flemings good for royal income?
Had good manufacturing skills
What did Spain claim?
A monopoly of trade with Spanish America, which England challenged
What did the Dutch rebels turn to?
Piracy against Spanish ships that was blamed on the English
What were the pirates called against Spanish ships?
Sea beggers
What did elizabeth allow the sea beggers to use?
English ports
What happened in 1568?
Elizabeth discovered that the pirates had forced Spanish ships carrying bullion to shelter in Plymouth and Southampton, and seized the gold
How did the Spanish react to elizabeth taking the bullion?
They seized property belonging to Englishmen in the Netherlands
What was a consequence of the Spanish tension?
Trade via the Netherlands ceases
Why didn’t trade ceasing via the Netherlands not affect English merchants that badly?
English merchants could use La Rochelle in France and Hamburg in Germany
When was the trade embargo lifted?
1573
When did elizabeth finally expelled the sea beggers from English ports?
1572
How did the Spanish treat English sailors?
Treated them harshly when they were in Spanish ships, breeding resentment
Why did Spanish troops in Antwerp mutiny?
They hadn’t been paid, causing the ‘Spanish fury’
When was the Spanish fury?
1576
Who suffered from the Spanish fury?
Members of the merchant adventurers
What was an advantage of tension with Spain?
the voyage Francis Drake undertook between 1577 and 1580
What was the treaty of Nonsuch?
Committed elizabeth to providing an English force at an annual cost of £126,000
When was the Treaty of Nonsuch?
1585
How much was elizabeth’s expenditure in the first year of the war?
£160,000
How much was Spanish cargo worth that Drake captured during his 1587 attack on Cadiz?
£140,000
