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History Tudors > 41. The Role Of The Privy Council > Flashcards

41. The Role Of The Privy Council Flashcards

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1
Q

How many of the nobility attended court at some time?

A

Two thirds of nobility

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2
Q

Who else was normally at court?

A

Gentry from southern England

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3
Q

Who did elizabeth take advice from?

A

Courtiers, even when they weren’t privy councillors

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4
Q

Who were some courtiers elizabeth took advice from?

A

Dudley and Walter Raleigh

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5
Q

What advantage did those in court have?

A

They had daily access to the Queen so could have a role in decision making

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6
Q

What key positions were there in court?

A

Grooms of the chamber, yeomen of the guard, and the queen’s mole catcher

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7
Q

What key elements were available from royal patronage?

A

Licenses to import and export, military posts, and ambassadorships

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8
Q

What was patronage?

A

Powerful individuals would gain personal support from those they had helped to advance at court

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9
Q

What was the relationship between closeness to the queen and appointing your supporter to a key position?

A

The closer one’s relationship with the queen, the greater the likelihood of appointing your supporters to key positions

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10
Q

What did courtiers therefore become?

A

Political figures

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11
Q

What were the functions of the privy council?

A

To advise the queen over matters of state, to pass and enforce laws, and to raise and administer the kingdoms finances

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12
Q

Who were the 3 types of councillors at the start of elizabeth’s reign?

A

-members of the nobility
-those who had experience under her predecessors
-those whom she respected for their wisdom and expertise

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13
Q

Who was made councillors?

A

Robert Dudley and Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk

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14
Q

When were Dudley and Howard made councillors?

A

1562

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15
Q

What did the appointment of Howard and Dudley suggest about the privy council?

A

Elizabeth liked a balance of opinion between Howard, who had Catholic sympathies, and Dudley, who was Protestant

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16
Q

Why was it good that ministers were kept in power for a long time?

A

Kept stability

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17
Q

What did elizabeth do as her reign progressed?

A

She called less on nobleman from traditional aristocratic families, and more on those whom she trusted and had a close relationship with

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18
Q

How many men did elizabeth usually summon?

A

A dozen men at one time

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19
Q

How often did the council meet?

A

At least twice a week, but daily in times of difficulty

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20
Q

How often did elizabeth attend council meetings?

A

Rarely, but she would be informed of their discussions

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21
Q

What was discussed about Scotland?

A

With Cecil’s encouragement, the council should send troops to try to end the French influence over Scotland

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22
Q

When was intervention in Scotland discussed?

A

1559-60

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23
Q

What did the council discuss when the Queen had smallpox?

A

They failed to reach a decision about the succession if elizabeth died

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24
Q

When did the council discuss the succession when elizabeth had smallpox?

A

1562

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25
Q

What did the council discuss about the queens marriage?

A

The Earl of Sussex urged mariage to archduke Charles and sir Francis Knokke and Leicester opposed it

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26
Q

When was the discussion about the queens marriage?

A

1566

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27
Q

What did the council discuss about Mary Queen of Scot’s?

A

They persuaded she could not be let out of the country until Mary had undergone some sort of trial

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28
Q

When did the council discuss Mary Queen of Scot’s?

A

1568

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29
Q

What did the council discuss about the st Bartholomew massacre?

A

They decided to increase the guards around Mary Queen of Scot’s, and made provision to defend the south coast

30
Q

When did the council meet to discuss the st Bartholomew massacre?

A

1572

31
Q

What did the council discuss about elizabeth’s marriage to the Duke of Alencon?

A

12 councillors discussed it all day, 7 opposed the marriage

32
Q

When did the council discuss elizabeth’s marriage to Duke of Alençon?

A

1579

33
Q

What did elizabeth think about the 7 councillors who opposed the marriage?

A

She wasn’t pleased but eventually pulled out of negotiations

34
Q

What did the council discuss about William of orange’s assassination?

A

Drew up the Bond of Association

35
Q

When did the council discuss the assassination of William of orange?

A

1584

36
Q

What did the council discuss several times?

A

The issue of sending aid to the Dutch rebels

37
Q

Who first proposed sending aid to the Dutch rebels?

A

Leicester in 1576

38
Q

Who was more cautious on sending aid to Dutch rebels?

A

Burghley

39
Q

When did the council agree to send troops to the Netherlands?

A

1584

40
Q

When did the forces arrive in the Netherlands?

A

late in 1585

41
Q

What did the council discuss about the execution of Mary Queen of Scot’s?

A

They wanted to execute her, and Burghley prepared the death warrant and sent it off

42
Q

When did the council discuss about the execution of Mary?

A

1586

43
Q

Who was elizabeth’s most influential minister?

A

William Cecil

44
Q

Who was sir Francis Walsingham?

A

A Protestant who was trusted by Cecil

45
Q

What was Walsingham appointed as and when?

A

Principal Secretary of State in 1573

46
Q

What did Walsingham do?

A

He worked abroad to develop contacts to create a spy network

47
Q

Why didn’t elizabeth like Walsingham?

A

Due to his bluntness and his extreme religious conviction

48
Q

What was Walsingham responsible for discovering?

A

The plotting of Mary Queen of Scot’s

49
Q

When did Walsingham die?

A

1590

50
Q

Who was sir Christopher Hatton?

A

Came from a gentry family, but was elected an MP, and was suspected of being Catholic

51
Q

What title did Hatton get?

A

Lord chancellor in 1587

52
Q

What was Hatton involved in?

A

Finding Mary guilty

53
Q

What title did Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester receive?

A

Master of the horse in 1558

54
Q

What rumours went around about Dudley?

A

Rumours of a romantic attachment to elizabeth, despite his marriage to Amy Robsart

55
Q

What happened to Amy Robsart?

A

She was found dead in suspicious circumstances in 1560

56
Q

What title did Robert Dudley receive later on?

A

Earl of Leicester in 1564

57
Q

Who did Leicester clash frequently with?

A

Burghley

58
Q

What title did Robert Devereux gain?

A

Master of the Horse in 1587, and was given the monopoly over sweet wines

59
Q

When was Robert Devereux made privy councillor?

A

1593

60
Q

What was Devereux appointed to do?

A

Command the army being sent to Ireland, and disobeyed elizabeth’s orders once there

61
Q

When was Devereux appointed to command the army being sent to Ireland?

A

1599

62
Q

What uprising did Devereux lead?

A

An uprising to capture elizabeth (Essex rebellion)

63
Q

When was the Essex rebellion?

A

1601

64
Q

Who was Robert Cecil?

A

The younger son of Burghley, who became elizabeth’s unofficial government spokesperson in the commons

65
Q

Whose duties did Robert Cecil carry out?

A

Walsingham’s duties after his death

66
Q

Why was early promotion of Cecil prevented?

A

Due to Essex’s dislike of him

67
Q

When was Robert Cecil appointed to the privy council?

A

1591

68
Q

Whose role did Cecil also take over?

A

Burghley’s role after he died

69
Q

What did Cecil supervise?

A

The arrangements for the succession of James VI of Scotland on elizabeth’s death

70
Q

When did Cecil supervise the arrangements for the succession?

A

1603

History Tudors (44 decks)

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