8/6 Questions Exam 1 Flashcards
What is the relationship between scoliosis and tethered cord syndrome?
it is suggested that the column will change normal curvatures to mitigate damage to the spinal cord
What is the relationship between spinal nerve number, rib number, and vertebral number in a thoracic intervertebral foramen?
the spinal nerve number relates to the upper segment number in the vertebral couple the rib number relates to the lower segment number in the vertebral couple
Ex. T3 nerve exits the intervertebral foramen formed by T3/T4 and rib 4 joints with this vertebral couple
Which mammals have more than seven cervical vertebrae?
ant bear, three-toed sloth
Which mammals have less than seven cervical vertebrae?
two-toed sloth, manatee
Which vertebrae are typical cervicals?
C3-C6
Which vertebrae are atypical cervicals?
C1, C2, C7
What is the shape of the typical cervical vertebral body from the cranial view?
rectangular
What is the appearance of the typical cervical vertebral body from the lateral view?
posterior height is greater than anterior height by a few millimeters
What would be the direction of the cervical curve based on osseous features?
posterior or kyphotic
What accounts for the direction of the typical cervical curve?
the intervertebral disc height
What is the direction of the typical cervical curve?
anterior or lordotic
At which vertebral couple will the cervical curve again increase intervertebral disc height?
C5/C6
What is the effect of aging on the cervical vertebral body?
it diminishes the overall height of the vertebral body
What are the modifications of the superior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?
anterior groove, posterior groove, right and left uncinate processes
What are the names of the lateral modification of the superior epiphyseal rim?
uncinate process, unciform process, uncovertebral process, uncus or lateral lip
At what developmental age will the uncinate process first be observed?
3rd-4th fetal month
What are the modifications of the inferior epiphyseal rim of a typical cervical?
anterior lip, posterior lip, right and left lateral grooves
What is the joint classification for the anterior lip-anterior groove articulation?
fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis
What is the joint classification for the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?
modified synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar)
What is the joint classification for the spongy bone-intervertebral disc articulation?
cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) symphysis
How many joint surfaces are present on the upper surfaces of a typical cervical vertebral body?
five
How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical cervical?
ten
What is the name given to the uncinate process-lateral groove articulation?
joint of Luschka or uncovertebral joint
What is the functional significance of the joint of Luschka?
it appears to stabilize the intervertebral disc while accommodating flexion - extension and requiring coupled motion (axial rotation with lateral bending) in the cervical spine
