8/20 Questions Exam 2

Question 1

What is the orientation of the superior articular facet of C7?

Answer 1

backward, upward, medial (BUM)

Question 2

What is the orientation of the inferior articular facet of C7?

Answer 2

forward, medial, downward (ForMeD)

Question 3

What muscles will attach to the articular process of C7?

Answer 3

longissimus cervicis
longissimus capitis
semispinalis cervicis
multifidis

Question 4

What are the features of the spinous process of C7?

Answer 4

long, horizontal, nonbifid

Question 5

What muscles attach to the spinous process of C7?

Answer 5

trapezius
rhomboid minor
serratus posterior superior
splenius capitis
spinalis capitis
spinalis cervicis
semispinalis thoracis
multifidis
rotators
interspinalis

Question 6

What ligaments attach to the spinous process of C7?

Answer 6

ligamentum nuchae

interspinous ligaments

Question 7

The vertebral artery on which side is typically larger?

Answer 7

left vertebral artery

Question 8

What is the gender bias regarding size of the vertebral artery?

Answer 8

men have larger vertebral arteries than women

Question 9

What was the name of the physical exam used to determine vertebral artery patency?

Answer 9

the vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency test

Question 10

Which siide artery was tested during the course of the vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency exam?

Answer 10

the ipsilateral artery on the side of rotation

Question 11

What are the symptoms of failure of the vertebral artery to compensate during the vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency exam?

Answer 11

dizziness, vertigo, nausea are common complaints

Question 12

The vertebral artery is typically a branch of which artery?

Answer 12

subclavian artery

Question 13

Typically, at what vertebral level will the vertebral artery first become located in the transverse foramen?

Answer 13

C6

Question 14

At what location will the vertebral artery form its first compensatory loop?

Answer 14

the atlanto-axial interspace

Question 15

At what location will the vertebral artery form its second compensatory loop?

Answer 15

the atlanto-occipital interspace

Question 16

At what segments will the vertebral artery be firmly attached to the transverse foramen?

Answer 16

both C1 and C2

Question 17

What is the purpose of the vertebral artery loops between C2, C1, and occiput?

Answer 17

the increased length will accommodate the greater rotation at these locations

Question 18

What forms the boundaries for the exit of the C1 nerve from the spinal canal?

Answer 18

occipital condyle
superior articular process of C1
Capsular ligament
arcuate rim
groove for the vertebral artery
posterior atlanto-occipital ligament

Question 19

What forms the anterior boundary for the C2 nerve exit from the spinal canal?

Answer 19

inferior articular process of C1
superior articular process of C2
capsular ligament

Question 20

What forms the posterior boundary for the C2 nerve exit from the spinal canal?

Answer 20

the posterior arch of C1
lamina of C2
posterior atlanto-axial ligament

Question 21

What forms the anterior boundary for the C3-C7 nerve exit from the spinal canal?

Answer 21

the vertebral bodies
intervertebral disc
posterior longitudinal ligament
uncinate process
lateral groove

Question 22

What muscles attach to the transverse process of C7?

Answer 22

middle scalene
iliocostalis thoracis
longissimus cervicis
semispinalis capitis
rotators
intertransversarii
levator costarum brevis