8/5 Questions Exam 1

Question 1

What is the name given to the fluid within the epidural space?

Answer 1

interstitial fluid

Question 2

Which of the contents of the epidural space are more likely located near or around the posterior longitudinal ligament?

Answer 2

anterior spinal canal artery and plexus
anterior internal vertebral venous plexus
basivertebral vein
recurrent meningeal/sinu-vertebral/sinus vertebral nerve
Hofmann/anterior dural/meningovertebral ligaments

Question 3

What is the name given to the fluid present within the subdural space?

Answer 3

serous fluid

Question 4

What is the name given to the fluid within the subarachnoid space?

Answer 4

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 5

What is the name given to the lateral extension of pia mater along the spinal cord?

Answer 5

dentate (denticulate) ligament

Question 6

In horizontal view, what direction of the spinal cord tends to be largest?

Answer 6

transverse

Question 7

What are the spinal cord enlargement locations and the name given to each?

Answer 7

C3-T1, the cervical enlargement; T9-T12, the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement

Question 8

Where is the greatest transverse diameter of the spinal cord?

Answer 8

C6

Question 9

In which plane (or direction) will the diameter of the spinal decrease from C2-T1?

Answer 9

midsagittal or anterior-posterior plane

Question 10

What spinal nerves originate from the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement?

Answer 10

L1-S3 spinal nerves

Question 11

What is the generic cord level of origin - vertebral level combination for the lumbar (lumbosacral) enlargement?

Answer 11

L1,L2 cord levels in T9 vertebra; L3,L4 cord levels in T10 vertebra; L5,S1 cord levels in T11 vertebra; S2,S3 cord levels in T12 vertebra

Question 12

What is the caudal end of the spinal cord called?

Answer 12

conus medullaris

Question 13

What spinal nerves originate from the conus medullaris?

Answer 13

typically S4, S5, and Co1

Question 14

In which vertebral foramen will the conus medullaris typically be observed?

Answer 14

L1

Question 15

What is the name given to the nerve roots below L1?

Answer 15

cauda equina

Question 16

What is the continuation of pia mater below the conus medullaris called?

Answer 16

filum terminale internum

Question 17

What is the location and name given to the area where all meninges first converge at the caudal part of the vertebral column?

Answer 17

typically S2, the dural cul de sac

Question 18

Neural tissue has been identified in what part of the filum terminale?

Answer 18

proximal part of the filum terminale internum

Question 19

What is the fate of the neural tissue identified along the filum terminale internum?

Answer 19

it joins peripheral nerve roots of spinal nerves as high as L3 and as low as S4

Question 20

What does the neural tissue associated with the filum terminale externum appear to innervate?

Answer 20

lower limbs and the external anal sphincter

Question 21

The last arterial vasa corona creates what feature on angiogram?

Answer 21

cruciate anastomosis

Question 22

What is the name given to the condensation of meninges below S2?

Answer 22

filum terminale externum

Question 23

What is the name given to the caudal attachment of the meninges?

Answer 23

coccygeal medullary vestige

Question 24

What is the name given to the condition in which the conus medullaris is located below L1 and the filum terminale is thickened?

Answer 24

tethered cord syndrome

Question 25

Identify the meninges of the spinal cord (spinal medulla or medulla spinalis)?

Answer 25

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater