7/23 Questions Exam 1

Question 1

Type IVa articular receptors would be present in what locations?

Answer 1

Fibrous Capsule
Articular Fat Pads or
Adventitia of Blood Vessels

Question 2

Type IVb articular receptors would be present in what locations?

Answer 2

Accessory ligaments in general, dense in the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine

Question 3

Type IV articular receptors would be absent in what part(s) of the synovial (diarthrosis) joint?

Answer 3

Synovial Membrane
Articular Cartilage
Synovial Menisci or Intra-articular discs

Question 4

What are the three modifications of articular synovial membrane?

Answer 4

1) synovial villi
2) articular fat pads or haversian glands
3) synovial menisci and intra-articular discs

Question 5

What is the generic function of modifications of articular synovial membrane?

Answer 5

aid in spreading synovial fluid

Question 6

Where are the articular fat pads located?

Answer 6

In the fibrous layer of synovial membrane; they are absent from articular cartilage, synovial menisci, intra-articular disc

Question 7

Articular fat pads are most numerous in what location along the vertebral column?

Answer 7

Lumbar zygapophyses

Question 8

Intra-articular discs are a feature of what joints examples?

Answer 8

Temporomandibular
Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular
Radio-ulnar joints

Question 9

Synovial menisci are a feature of what joint examples?

Answer 9

Femur-tibia articulation
Cervical zygapophyses
Lumbar zygapophyses

Question 10

What are the layers of the synovial membrane?

Answer 10

Outer fibrous layer and inner (lumenal) cellular layer AKA synovial lamina intima

Question 11

What are the specific functions of type A synovial cells?

Answer 11

are phagocytic

Question 12

What is the specific function of type B synovial cells?

Answer 12

Secrete proteinaceous substances and hyaluronic acid

Question 13

What is the source of nutrition for articular cartilage?

Answer 13

Blood vessels in the synovial membrane
Sinuses of the bone marrow cavity
From synovial fluid itself

Question 14

Which collagen fiber type predominates in articular cartilage?

Answer 14

Type II

Question 15

What are proteoglycans composed of?

Answer 15

A core protein and glycosaminoglycans

Question 16

What is the primary function of bound glycosaminoglycans in articular cartilage?

Answer 16

Form a network for water retention

Question 17

Cartilage is able to change shape due to compression, a characteristic known as ____?

Answer 17

Deformation

Question 18

What is implied when cartilage is said to have elastic properties?

Answer 18

Cartilage can deform and returns to original volume rapidly, a time independent property

Question 19

What is implied when cartilage is said to have viscoelastic properties?

Answer 19

Cartilage can deform but returns to original volume slowly, a time dependent property

Question 20

What is the function of type IV articular receptors?

Answer 20

Nociceptive, they monitor pain