7/27 Questions Exam 1

Question 1

Which theory of joint lubrication implies water loss from the synovial fluid increases viscosity of the remaining synovial fluid?

Answer 1

Boosted theory

Question 2

Which theory of joint lubrication implies an absorption of lubricant onto cartilage surfaces is responsible for the low-friction observed during movement?

Answer 2

Boundary theory

Question 3

What are the properties of synovial fluid?

Answer 3

It is yellow-white
viscous
slightly alkaline
tastes salty

Question 4

Which substance in synovial fluid was first thought to be responsible for its viscosity and lubricating behavior?

Answer 4

Hyaluronate

Question 5

What substance of synovial fluid has been proposed to be responsible for its viscosity and lubricating behavior?

Answer 5

Lubricin

Question 6

What is a simple synovial joint (diarthrosis)?

Answer 6

Only one pair of articulating surfaces are observed

Question 7

What is a complex synovial joint (diarthrosis)?

Answer 7

Within the simple joint or the compound joint, the articulating surfaces are separated by an articular disc (intra-articular disc) or meniscus

Question 8

What are the classifications of synovial joints (diarthroses) base on type of movement?

Answer 8

Nonaxial
Uniaxial
Biaxial
Multiaxial synovial joints

Question 9

What morpholgical classification of synovial joints is classified as nonaxial?

Answer 9

Plane (diarthrosis arthrodial)

Question 10

What morphological classifications of synovial joints would be classified as uniaxial?

Answer 10

Hinge (diarthrosis ginglymus) and pivot (diarthrosis trochoid)

Question 11

What morpholgical classifications of synovial joints would be classified as biaxial?

Answer 11

(Diarthrosis) bicondylar, (diarthrosis) condylar, (diarthrosis) ellipsoidal, and Saddle (diarthrosis sellar)

Question 12

What morpholgical classification of synovial joints would be classified as multiaxial?

Answer 12

Ball and socket (diarthrosis enarthrosis)
(Diarthrosis spheroidal)
(Diarthrosis cotyloid) are all classifications given to the same type of joint

Question 13

What are the examples of synovial pivot (diarthrosis trochoid) joints?

Answer 13

Median atlanto-axial joint and proximal radio-ulnar joint

Question 14

What are the examples of diarthrosis condylar or diarthrosis bicondylar joints?

Answer 14

Temporomandibular joint and Femur-tibia joint of the knee

Question 15

What are examples of diarthrosis ellipsoidal joints?

Answer 15

Radiocarpal joint of the wrist
Metacarpo-phalangeal joints of the hand
Metatarsal-phalangeal joints of the foot
Atlanto-occipital joint of the vertebral column

Question 16

What are examples of synovial saddle (diarthrosis sellar) joints?

Answer 16

Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
Talocrural joint of the ankle
Calcaneocuboid joint of the foot

Question 17

What are examples of diarthrosis cotyloid joints?

Answer 17

Femur-acetabulum of the innominate articulation at the hip and the humerus - glenoid cavity of the scapula articulation at the shoulder

Question 18

Which theory of joint lubrication implies a loss of fluid from the cartilage into the joint space during compression results in increased viscosity of the synovial fluid?

Answer 18

Weeping theory