8 Flashcards
- The most frequent leukocytes found in peripheral blood are
A. neutrophils
B. lymphocytes
C. monocytes
D. eosinophils
A. neutrophils
- The function of the entire leukocytic system is to
A. defend the body against disease
B. synthesis of antibodies
C. protect against allergic reactions
D. secrete enzymes
A. defend the body against disease
- The granulocyte cells that are believed to descend from a common multipotential stem cell in the bone marrow are
A. neutrophils and eosinophils
B. basophils and lymphocytes
C. lymphocytes and monocytes
D. both A and B
A. neutrophils and eosinophils
- The types of granulocytic leukocytes found in the proliferative compartment of the bone marrow are
A. myeloblasts, myelocytes, and metamyelocytes
B. myeloblasts, promyelocytes, and myelocytes
C. myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes, and metamyelocytes
D. myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, and band neutrophils
C. myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes, and metamyelocytes
- The types of granulocytic leukocytes found in the maturationstorage compartment of the bone marrow are
A. metamyelocytes, band form neutrophils, segmented neutrophils, mature eosinophils, and mature basophils
B. only band form neutrophils, segmented neutrophils, mature eosinophils, and mature basophils
C. metamyelocytes, band form neutrophils, segmented neutrophils, mature eosinophils, and mature basophils
D. segmented neutrophils, immature and mature monocytes, and mature lymphocytes
A. metamyelocytes, band form neutrophils, segmented neutrophils, mature eosinophils, and mature basophils
- Release of neutrophils from the bone marrow is believed to be influenced by
A. CSF
B. interleukins
C. interferon
D. all of the above
B. interleukins
- The stages of neutrophilic granulocyte development are
A. promyelocyte, myeloblast, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, and band and segmented neutrophils
B. myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, and band and segmented neutrophils
C. myelocyte, myeloblast, promyelocyte, metamyelocyte, and band and segmented neutrophils
D. myeloblast, promyelocyte, metamyelocyte, myelocyte, and band and segmented neutrophils
B. myeloblast, promyelocyte, myelocyte, metamyelocyte, and band and segmented neutrophils
Marginating granulocytes in the peripheral blood can be found
A. in the circulating pool
B. in the tissues
C. adhering to the vascular endothelium
D. All of the above
C. adhering to the vascular endothelium
- The half-life of circulating granulocytes in normal blood is estimated to be
A. 2.5 to 5 hours
B. 7 to 10 hours
C. 24 hours
D. 2 days
B. 7 to 10 hours
- Identify the cell with these characteristics: prominent primary granules that are rich in myeloperoxidase and chloroacetate esterase and have a diameter of 14 to 20 μm.
A. Myeloblast
B. Promyelocyte
C. Myelocyte
D. Promonocyte
B. Promyelocyte
- The earliest granulocytic maturational stage in which secondary or specific granules appear is
A. myeloblast
B. monoblast
C. promyelocyte
D. myelocyte
D. myelocyte
- The mature granulocytes seen in the peripheral blood of healthy persons include
A. band form and segmented neutrophils
B. eosinophils and basophils
C. lymphocytes and monocytes
D. both A and B
D. both A and B
The granules of segmented neutrophils contain
A. ysosomal hydrolases
B. lysozymes
C. myeloperoxidase
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
- Which of the following are contents of basophilic granules?
A. Heparin
B. Histamine
C. Myeloperoxidase
D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
- The tissue basophil can be referred to as
A. a mast cell
B. a macrophage
C. a mononuclear cell
D. an antibody-producing cell
A. a mast cell
- A leukocyte with the morphological characteristics of being the largest normal mature leukocyte in the peripheral blood and having a convoluted or twisted nucleus is the
A. myelocyte
B. metamyelocyte
C. promonocyte
D. monocyte
D. monocyte
A cluster designation (CD) for specific lineages of cells
A. indicates a known cluster of monoclonal antibodies binding to a known antigen
B. identifies antibodies on the cell surface of hematopoietic cells
C. detects heavy chain or kappa chain rearrangements
D. both A and B
A. indicates a known cluster of monoclonal antibodies binding to a known antigen
Cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system include
A. monocytes
B. macrophages
C. lymphocytes
D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
- The immediate precursor of the macrophage is the
A. myeloblast
B. monoblast
C. promonocyte
D. monocyte
D. monocyte
- Monocytes are capable of
A. phagocytosis
B. synthesis of biologically important compounds
C. assuming a killer role
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
Classical monocytes participate in immune body defenses by
A. neutralizing invading viruses
B. phagocytizing bacteria
C. participating in extravascular catabolism of erythrocytes
D. processing and presenting foreign antigens to lymphocytes
B. phagocytizing bacteria
- The mononuclear phagocyte system consists of histiocytes. These cells can be found in the
A. loose connective tissue
B. spleen
C. lymph nodes
D. all of the above
A. loose connective tissue
- The reference range for the segmented neutrophil count in adults
is
A. 20% to 40%
B. 40% to 74%
C. 60% to 80%
D. 80% to 100%
B. 40% to 74%
- The total leukocyte count can be increased in certain states.
Select the conditions when this is not true.
A. Strenuous exercise
B. Overwhelming bacterial infection
C. Sepsis
D. Use of immunosuppressive agents
D. Use of immunosuppressive agents
- On the basis of the following data, calculate the absolute value of the segmented neutrophils. Total leukocyte count = 12 × 109/L; percentage of segmented neutrophils on the differential count =
80%. The absolute segmented neutrophil value is
A. 2.5 × 10^9/L
B. 4.5 × 10^9/L
C. 6.5 × 10^9/L
D. 9.6 × 10^9/L
D. 9.6 × 10^9/L
- An adult female had a total WBC count of 5.5 × 109/L. Her leukocyte differential was segmented neutrophils 20%, eosinophils 4%, basophils 1%, monocytes 3%, and lymphocytes 68%. She is demonstrating
A. leukopenia
B. absolute neutropenia
C. absolute neutrophilia
D. relative neutrophilia
B. absolute neutropenia
- An increase in metamyelocytes, myelocytes, and promyelocytes can be referred to as
A. leukocytopenia
B. a shift to the right
C. a shift to the left
D. Pelger-Hüet anomaly
C. a shift to the left
- What is the normal reference range of the segmented neutrophil absolute value? A. 1.4 to 6 × 109/L
B. 2.5 to 6.5 × 109/L
C. 3.5 to 8 × 109/L
D. 5.5 to 10 × 109/L
A. 1.4 to 6 × 109/L
- The absolute value of segmented neutrophils can be an unreliable indicator of overwhelming infection because
A. it drops in many patients because the circulating granulocytes are mobilized into the tissue site of infection
B. the bone marrow reserve becomes exhausted
C. the infection suppresses granulocytic production
D. all of the above
A. it drops in many patients because the circulating granulocytes are mobilized into the tissue site of infection
- The functions of monocytes and macrophages include all of the following functions except
A. recognize bacterial organisms
B. degrade antigens
C. synthesize growth inhibitory factors
D. present antigen fragments as antigen-presenting cells
C. synthesize growth inhibitory factors
- M1 macrophages mainly
A. secrete proinflammatory cytokines
B. have anti-inflammatory characteristics
C. have wound healing characteristics
D. both b and c
A. secrete proinflammatory cytokines
- The major function of neutrophilic granulocytes is
A. antibody production
B. destruction of parasites
C. phagocytosis
D. suppression of inflammation
C. phagocytosis
- The major function of eosinophils is
A. suppression of inflammatory reactions
B. destruction of protozoa
C. participation in anaphylaxis
D. phagocytosis
A. suppression of inflammatory reactions
- The principal leukocyte type involved in phagocytosis is the
A. monocyte
B. neutrophil
C. eosinophil
D. basophil
B. neutrophil
The correct sequence(s) of events in successful phagocytosis is
(are)
A. chemotaxis, opsonization, phagosome formation, and the action of antibacterial substances
B. opsonization, chemotaxis, phagosome formation, and the action of antibacterial substances
C. engulfment, opsonization, digestion, and destruction of bacteria or particulate matter
D. both A and C
A. chemotaxis, opsonization, phagosome formation, and the action of antibacterial substances
Neutrophils function as phagocytic cells in the circulating blood
A. to defend the body against viral infections
B. during severe allergic reactions
C. when bacteria enter the circulation
D. to sustain high levels of cellular multiplication
C. when bacteria enter the circulation
Why are mature neutrophils more easily able to enter the circulating blood from the bone marrow than immature neutrophils?
A. They have plasticity that allows them to squeeze through the endothelial cells that line bone marrow sinusoids.
B. Chemical factors enlarge endothelial pores that allow mature neutrophils to easily exit the bone marrow.
C. The higher concentration of mature neutrophils in the bone marrow can crowd out the immature neutrophils in order to enter the circulating blood.
D. More well-developed granules in mature cells enable them to destroy endothelial tissue to escape into the circulating blood.
A. They have plasticity that allows them to squeeze through the endothelial cells that line bone marrow sinusoids.
In reference to case 8.1, the white blood cell abnormalities should be followed up with an assay
A. erythrocyte sedimentation rate
B. leukocyte alkaline phosphate stain
C. correction of the WBC to compensate for the nucleated RBCs
D. assessment of phagocytic function
B. leukocyte alkaline phosphate stain
The value of the LAP stain is to
A. differentiate malignant disorders from leukemoid reactions
B. distinguish myelocytes from monocytes
C. assess the quality of enzymatic granules
D. identify immature granulocytes
A. differentiate malignant disorders from leukemoid reactions
