Chapter 4 Quiz: Muscular System

Question 1

myofascial release

Answer 1

specialized soft tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia, TMJ, and carpal tunnel syndrome.

Question 2

skeletal muscle

Answer 2

attached to the bones of skeleton and make body motions possible, voluntary muscles because we have conscious control. Striated muscles have dark and light bands creating a striped appearance.

Question 3

smooth muscle

Answer 3

located in the walls of hollow internal organs such as the digestive tract, blood vessels, ducts leading from glands. Move and control the flow of fluids flow of fluids through these structures. Involuntary muscles controlled by autonomic nervous system.

Question 4

myorrhexis

Answer 4

rupture of tearing of a muscle.

Question 5

cardioplegia

Answer 5

paralysis of the heart muscle, also known as cardiac arrest.

Question 6

circumduction

Answer 6

circular movement of a limb at the far end.

Question 7

adduction

Answer 7

movement toward the midline of the body

Question 8

tenectomy

Answer 8

surgical removal of a tendon to relieve a deformity caused by the abnormal shortening of a muscle.

Question 9

tenotomy

Answer 9

surgical incision into a tendon for the purpose of lengthening it.

Question 10

external

Answer 10

near the surface

Question 11

internal

Answer 11

deeper location

Question 12

maximus

Answer 12

largest muscle

Question 13

lateralis

Answer 13

toward the side

Question 14

medialis

Answer 14

towards the midline

Question 15

exercise physiologist

Answer 15

specialist who works under physicians supervision to develop, implement and coordinate exercise programs and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness.

Question 16

origin

Answer 16

point at which a muscle begins, located nearest the midline of the body, less movable part of the skeleton.

Question 17

oblique

Answer 17

at an angle or slanted

Question 18

rectus

Answer 18

straight alignment with the vertical axis of the body

Question 19

sphincter

Answer 19

ringlike muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway

Question 20

transverse

Answer 20

crosswise direction

Question 21

hemiplegia

Answer 21

total paralysis of one side of the body

Question 22

rotation

Answer 22

circular movement around an axis, such as shoulder joint

Question 23

tenodynia / tenalgia

Answer 23

pain in the tendon

Question 24

bradykinesia

Answer 24

extreme slowness in movement. Symptom of parkinson’s disease.

Question 25

contracture

Answer 25

permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues. Commonly caused by scaring or inactivity.

Question 26

fascioplasty

Answer 26

surgical repair of fascia

Question 27

impingement syndrome

Answer 27

inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in narrow space between bones within the shoulder joint.

Question 28

electromyography

Answer 28

diagnostic test that records the strength of muscle contractions. Done by measuring electrical activity in response to nerve stimulation.

Question 29

abduction

Answer 29

moves away from midline

Question 30

adduction

Answer 30

moves towards the midline

Question 31

flexion

Answer 31

bend in a joint, decreases the angle between two bones

Question 32

extension

Answer 32

straightens a joint, increasing the angle between two bones.

Question 33

pronation

Answer 33

turns the palm down

Question 34

fasciitis

Answer 34

inflammation of the fascia

Question 35

sacropenia

Answer 35

age related reduction in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function in the elderly

Question 36

muscular dystrophy

Answer 36

group of 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement without affecting the nervous system.

Question 37

myasthenia gravis

Answer 37

chronic autoimmune disease that affects neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.

Question 38

epicondylitis

Answer 38

inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow

Question 39

paraplegia

Answer 39

paralysis of both legs and lower part of the body

Question 40

carpel tunnel syndrome

Answer 40

median nerve is compressed as it passes through the narrow area in the wrist

Question 41

polymyositis

Answer 41

muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of several voluntary muscles in many parts of the body.