7.1 Study Guide START OF SECOND SEMESTER Flashcards
What does the primary structure look like?
A strand of Amino Acids bonded together.
What are the two shapes secondary structure can be in?
Alpha-Helix or a Beta-Plated-Sheet.
What is the function of hormones?
To carry messages through the blood.
What is the function of enzymes?
To cut and join the molecules of life.
What is the function of Infrastructure?
To support and move cells.
What is the function of Viruses and Antibodies?
To engage in constant battle in the blood.
What is the function of channels, pumps, and receptors?
To go back and forth across the membrane.
What is the general definition of a Quaternary Structure?
More than 1 polypeptide chain bonded together.
How is tertiary structure formed?
By the interactions between the side chains of the amino acids (depending on whether the amino acid is hydrophobic, basic/acidic, cysteine, or hydrophilic).
What bonding is used in primary structure?
Covalent bonding (caused by dehydration synthesis that’s also called peptide bonding).
What bonding is used in secondary structure?
Hydrogen bonds (between carboxyls and aminos).
How does replacing a hydrophobic amino acid with an amino acid that is hydrophilic affect the tertiary structure? Why?
If this happens, then the amino acid will move from the inside of the tertiary structure to the outside, shifting the entire structure. This is because hydrophobic amino acids try to get away from water, going inside the tertiary structure, while hydrophilic amino acids go towards water (the outside of the structure).
