6.4 Energy Flashcards
What is kinetic energy
Kinetic energy is the energy due to movement, any object in motion has kinetic energy
What is potential energy
Potential energy is stored energy, which can be converted to kinetic energy if the conditions are right
How is potential energy related to chemical bonds
Chemical bonds stores potential energy, breaking these bonds takes an amount of initial energy, but they then release energy after broken.
How does the energy of chemical bonds determine if a reaction is exo or endothermic
If they release more energy then they needed to break the reaction is exothermic, if it takes more energy to break then they release the reaction is endothermic. The formation of bonds requires energy
What is the net energy in an endothermic vs endothermic reaction
Exo : net positive
Endo: net negative
What are the two types of systems
Closed and open
What is an open system
In an open system, both energy and matter can flow into or out of the system. For example, a candle that is burning is an open system since there is a combustion reaction, the melting of wax, the subsequent solidification of wax and the loss of heat in the combustion reaction to the surroundings.
What is a closed system
In a closed system (For example a sealed flask containing reactants), the reactants are closed to the surrounding environment allowing the transfer of energy in or out, but not allowing the transfer of matter. The total kinetic energy and potential energy of a system under constant pressure is called the enthalpy of the system.
