4.5 Solutions and Dilutions

Question 1

what is a standard solution

Answer 1

a standard solution has an accurate known concentration. You need a scale/balance to determine the mass of the solute and a flask/pipettes to determine the volume of the solvent.

Question 2

What does dilution do

Answer 2

diluting a solution causes its concentration of solute to drop though the actual number of moles of solute is the still the same since the volume of solvent has increased.

Question 3

What is the dilution factor

Answer 3

Dilution factor =initial volume of solution/final volume of solution

Question 4

What are the two methods to determine the molarity after dilution the solution

Answer 4

1) convert back to moles and volume, replace with new volume and recalculate

2) multiply initial molarity by initial volume/final volume (dilution factor)

Question 5

what is a saturated solution

Answer 5

Asaturated solutionis a solution at maximum concentration in which no more solute will dissolve.

Question 6

what is solubility

Answer 6

Thesolubilityof a substance is the concentration of a saturated solution of that solute in a particular solvent at a particular temperature; solubility is a specific maximum concentration.

Question 7

what are the levels of solubility for a solute

Answer 7

• a solute is soluble if it can dissolve 1 g per 100ml of solvent
• a solute is insoluble if it dissolves lees than 0.1g per 100ml of solvent
• between 1g-0.1 are slightly soluble solutes