6.2 Flashcards
What are the polymers and monomers of proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids, and what do each of them have and what do they each look like?
Protein monomers are amino acids, polymers are polypeptides, they have the elements C, H, O, and N, amino and carboxyl are the functional groups, they have a branched shape. Nucleic acid monomers are nucleotides, polymers are DNA or RNA, they have C, H, O, N, and P, they have the functional groups phosphate, hydroxyl, and amino, they have multiple rings. Carbohydrate monomers are monosaccharides, polymers are polysaccharides, they have C, H, and O, they have the functional group hydroxyl, and they are shaped like hexagons. Lipid monomers are called fatty acids, polymers are triglyceride or phospholipid, they have C, H, and O, with more H than O, they have the functional group carboxyl, and they are shaped like a line with branching ends.
What are examples of the biomolecules?
An example of a protein is actin, an example of a nucleic acid is DNA, an example of a carbohydrate is starch, an example of a lipid is a cell.
What are some of the functions of each biomolecule?
Proteins do many things, like holding things together, fighting viruses, receiving signals through the bloodstream, or having reactions with starch. Nucleic acids carry genetic information, it is necessary for anything to function. Carbohydrates are used for energy or making structures. Lipids keep everything functioning.
How are nucleic acids tied to proteins?
Nucleic acids make DNA, which codes for the building of proteins.
How are carbohydrates and lipids similar and different?
Lipids are used to make cells, carbohydrates are used for energy or structures. Lipids and carbohydrates are both made of C, H, and O
