4.2 Flashcards
Define nitrogen fixation.
Bacteria converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and ammonium.
Define nitrification.
Bacteria changes ammonia and ammonium into nitrates and nitrite.
Define denitrification.
Bacteria changes nitrates and nitrites into atmospheric nitrogen again.
What are the inputs and outputs of photosynthesis?
The inputs are sunlight, CO2, and H2O, and the outputs are O2 and glucose.
What are the inputs and outputs of cellular respiration?
The inputs are O2 and glucose, and the outputs are energy, CO2, and H2O.
What organisms do both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
Plants.
How do humans affect the carbon and nitrogen cycles?
Humans affect the carbon and nitrogen cycle by burning fossil fuels, cutting down forests, and using fertilizers on farms.
How does BTB work?
BTB is blue in basic conditions (high pH), green in neutral conditions, and yellow in acidic conditions (low pH).
What are some differences between how carbon and energy flow through a food chain?
Carbon always goes through a cycle, leaving and eventually returning to the atmosphere, while energy is lost as heat at every level.
What color will BTB be in water with or without animals, plants, or light?
With only animals, no matter if there is light or not, it will be yellow, with plants and light it will always be blue, even if there are also animals in the water, with nothing it will usually be blue, with plants and/or animals in no light, it will be yellow.
