5.1 Flashcards
Where are protons in the atom, and what is the charge that they have?
Protons are in the nucleus, they have a positive charge.
Where are neutrons in the atom, and what is the charge that they have?
Neutrons are in the nucleus, they have no charge.
Where are electrons in the atom, and what is the charge that they have?
Electrons are outside of the nucleus, they have a negative charge.
What are isotopes?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different amounts of neutrons.
What is the relationship between attraction and charge in atoms?
It is a direct relationships, atoms with more charge have a higher attraction to each other.
What is the relationship between attraction and distance in atoms?
It is an inverse relationship, atoms that are farther apart are less attracted to each other, and it is squared.
What is the element, mass, and ion of an atom with five protons, six neutrons, and six electrons?
Boron, 11, and -1.
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does phosphorus with a mass of 31 and a charge of +1?
15 protons, 16 neutrons, and 14 electrons.
How can isotopes be used in scientific research?
Radioactive isotopes have long half-lives, and can be used to figure out how old a fossil is.
How will the force be affected if the distance between two atoms is halved?
x4.
How will force be affected if the charge of an atom is increased by x9?
x9.
What atoms will have higher attraction for valence electrons and why?
In atoms with the same number of valence electrons and more protons, the ones with less protons attract their valence electrons better because they are closer to the nucleus. In atoms with a difference in the number of valence electrons and protons, the one with more valence electrons and protons will attract their valence electrons better, because the protons attract the electrons.
