6: Becoming Canada Flashcards
1
Q
What is a key characteristic of Canada’s identity?
A
Canada’s identity is very complex
This complexity varies depending on the region and the individual Canadian being referred to.
2
Q
What superficial characteristics are commonly associated with Canada?
A
- Hockey
- The Mounties
- The maple leaf
- Snow
These superficial characteristics do not capture the full essence of Canadian identity.
3
Q
What is one fact that people may not know about Canada’s First Nations?
A
Canada has 600 First Nations
This is a significant aspect of Canada’s diverse identity that is often overlooked.
4
Q
True or False: Canada is officially bilingual.
A
True
The official bilingualism reflects Canada’s linguistic diversity.
5
Q
Fill in the blank: Canada’s identity varies depending on _____ and _____ being discussed.
A
[region] and [individual Canadian]
This highlights the diverse perspectives and experiences within Canada.
6
Q
What do people first notice about a person, according to the text?
A
Superficial characteristics
This analogy is drawn to explain how countries, like individuals, have both superficial and complex identities.
7
Q
How does getting to know someone help in understanding them better?
A
It reveals their complex personal identity
This concept is applied to understanding a nation’s identity as well.
8
Q
What might the world not realize about the Arctic tundra in Canada?
A
That poppies bloom on the Arctic tundra
This fact illustrates the unique and often unrecognized aspects of Canada’s natural environment.
9
Q
What is a key characteristic of Canada’s identity?
A
Canada’s identity is very complex
This complexity varies depending on the region and the individual Canadian being referred to.
10
Q
What superficial characteristics are commonly associated with Canada?
A
- Hockey
- The Mounties
- The maple leaf
- Snow
These superficial characteristics do not capture the full essence of Canadian identity.
11
Q
What is one fact that people may not know about Canada’s First Nations?
A
Canada has 600 First Nations
This is a significant aspect of Canada’s diverse identity that is often overlooked.
12
Q
True or False: Canada is officially bilingual.
A
True
The official bilingualism reflects Canada’s linguistic diversity.
13
Q
Fill in the blank: Canada’s identity varies depending on _____ and _____ being discussed.
A
[region] and [individual Canadian]
This highlights the diverse perspectives and experiences within Canada.
14
Q
What do people first notice about a person, according to the text?
A
Superficial characteristics
This analogy is drawn to explain how countries, like individuals, have both superficial and complex identities.
15
Q
How does getting to know someone help in understanding them better?
A
It reveals their complex personal identity
This concept is applied to understanding a nation’s identity as well.
16
Q
What might the world not realize about the Arctic tundra in Canada?
A
That poppies bloom on the Arctic tundra
This fact illustrates the unique and often unrecognized aspects of Canada’s natural environment.
17
Q
What event led to a huge migration of refugees to Canada?
A
The rebellion in Britain’s Thirteen Colonies
18
Q
How did the Loyalist migration affect British North America?
A
Changed the face of British North America forever
19
Q
What was the sentiment in the Thirteen Colonies by 1765?
A
Growing restless under British rule
20
Q
What were some reasons for the discontent in the Thirteen Colonies?
A
High taxes, limited trade, and desire for control over their own affairs
21
Q
What act worsened the situation for the Thirteen Colonies in 1774?
A
The Quebec Act
22
Q
What did the Quebec Act do?
A
Gave the Ohio Valley to Quebec, not the Thirteen Colonies
23
Q
When were the first shots of the War of Independence fired?
A
April 1775
24
Q
What did American rebels hope for regarding the Canadiens?
A
That they would join in their revolt
25
Fill in the blank: The Thirteen Colonies were restricted to trade only with their _______.
home country
26
True or False: The American rebels were unified in their goal to achieve independence.
False
27
What were the two main cities that the rebels aimed to capture in Quebec?
Montreal and Quebec City
28
What event led to a huge migration of refugees to Canada?
The rebellion in Britain's Thirteen Colonies
29
How did the Loyalist migration affect British North America?
Changed the face of British North America forever
30
What was the sentiment in the Thirteen Colonies by 1765?
Growing restless under British rule
31
What were some reasons for the discontent in the Thirteen Colonies?
High taxes, limited trade, and desire for control over their own affairs
32
What act worsened the situation for the Thirteen Colonies in 1774?
The Quebec Act
33
What did the Quebec Act do?
Gave the Ohio Valley to Quebec, not the Thirteen Colonies
34
When were the first shots of the War of Independence fired?
April 1775
35
What did American rebels hope for regarding the Canadiens?
That they would join in their revolt
36
Fill in the blank: The Thirteen Colonies were restricted to trade only with their _______.
home country
37
True or False: The American rebels were unified in their goal to achieve independence.
False
38
What were the two main cities that the rebels aimed to capture in Quebec?
Montreal and Quebec City
39
What was the outcome of the invasion of Québec?
The invasion of Québec failed.
40
When did Britain recognize the United States of America?
1783
41
What does the term British North America refer to?
All British colonies in North America except the Thirteen Colonies.
42
What percentage of people in the Thirteen Colonies remained loyal to Britain during the rebellion?
As many as a third.
43
Who were the United Empire Loyalists?
Citizens loyal to the King who opposed the war.
44
List some reasons why people remained loyal to Britain during the rebellion.
* Belief in non-violence
* Business ties with the British
* Military ties to British regiments
* Enslaved African Americans seeking freedom
* First Nations peoples who lost land to Americans
45
How did American rebels treat Loyalists?
They treated them as traitors, took their property, beat and jailed them, and sometimes paraded them covered in hot tar and feathers.
46
What was a significant consequence for Loyalists after the war?
Many fled north to Canada, changing Canadian identity forever.
47
How many Loyalists migrated to British colonies during and after the war?
Almost 40,000.
48
Where did many Loyalists travel to after the war?
Nova Scotia.
49
What was the situation for Black Loyalists regarding land in Nova Scotia?
They received less land than other Loyalists and the land was not good for farming
## Footnote
Many Black Loyalists worked as tenant farmers, giving half the money from crop sales to landowners.
50
What challenges did Black Loyalists face in Nova Scotia?
Racism and discrimination
## Footnote
Despite these challenges, many Black Loyalists stayed and built a rich heritage.
51
Why were many Loyalists unhappy in Nova Scotia?
They endured cruelty and hardship during the war and resented that other colonists had not suffered
## Footnote
This dissatisfaction led to demands for their own colony.
52
What action did Britain take in 1784 regarding Nova Scotia?
Britain divided Nova Scotia into two parts
## Footnote
The western portion became New Brunswick and Cape Breton Island became a separate colony.
53
What was the new name for Île Saint-Jean?
Prince Edward Island
## Footnote
This renaming took place after the division of Nova Scotia.
54
Fill in the blank: Many Black Loyalists worked as _______ farmers.
tenant
55
True or False: Black Loyalists received better land than other Loyalists.
False
56
List the new colonies created from Nova Scotia in 1784.
* New Brunswick
* Cape Breton Island
* Prince Edward Island
57
What did Loyalists do when they came to Québec?
They crowded into temporary camps and waited for Britain to help them.
## Footnote
Many Loyalists were fleeing from the American Revolutionary War.
58
Why did most Loyalists not want to settle in Québec?
The French language and Roman Catholic traditions were unfamiliar to them, and all the good land was already taken.
## Footnote
This indicates cultural and religious differences that impacted their settlement choices.
59
Who was the governor that agreed to give Loyalists land?
Frederick Haldimand.
## Footnote
Haldimand was the governor of Québec during the time of the Loyalist influx.
60
Where did Governor Frederick Haldimand choose to give Loyalists land?
Land farther west along the upper St. Lawrence River on the north shore of Lake Ontario.
## Footnote
This area was chosen to accommodate the influx of Loyalists.
61
Fill in the blank: The first group of Loyalists headed _______.
west.
62
What nation did Haldimand choose land from for the Loyalists?
Anishinabe Nation
63
What was the belief of the Anishinabe regarding land ownership?
Land is not something people bought and sold; it should be shared.
64
What did the Anishinabe likely think they were doing when interacting with Haldimand?
Giving permission to use the land.
65
What happened by the time the Anishinabe realized what was happening with their land?
It was too late.
66
True or False: The Anishinabe believed that land could be bought and sold.
False
67
Fill in the blank: The Anishinabe thought land should be _______.
shared
68
What language did most Loyalists who came to Québec speak?
English
## Footnote
They came from colonies with British traditions and customs.
69
Who formed the majority in Québec when the Loyalists arrived?
Canadiens
## Footnote
The Canadiens were the French-speaking population in the region.
70
What did the Loyalists want to maintain?
Their British heritage
## Footnote
They sought to preserve their customs and traditions.
71
What significant act did Britain agree to in 1791?
The Constitutional Act
## Footnote
This act divided Québec into two separate colonies.
72
What were the names of the two new colonies created by the Constitutional Act?
Upper Canada and Lower Canada
## Footnote
Upper Canada is now southern Ontario.
73
What geographical feature was used to divide Upper and Lower Canada?
The Ottawa River
## Footnote
The land west of the Ottawa River became Upper Canada.
74
What did each colony established by the Constitutional Act have?
An elected assembly
## Footnote
This allowed citizens to have a say in governance.
75
What rights did the citizens of Québec retain from the Quebec Act of 1774?
All rights, including French civil law
## Footnote
This ensured the protection of French culture and legal traditions.
76
What was an important outcome of the Constitutional Act regarding cultures?
Allowed French and English cultures and languages to co-exist
## Footnote
It was a significant step in building a bilingual country.
77
Who were the Loyalists?
American colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolution (1775-1783)
## Footnote
Loyalists came from various ethnic backgrounds including English, Scottish, German, Dutch, Iroquois, and African-American.
78
What was the time period of the American Revolution?
1775-1783
79
What ethnic backgrounds did the Loyalists come from?
* English
* Scottish
* German
* Dutch
* Iroquois
* African-American
80
What did many Loyalists do during the American Revolution?
Fought in Loyalist regiments
81
What effect did the War of 1812 have on Canada?
The War of 1812 affected the Colonists and Canadians significantly.
82
What were the tensions between Britain and the United States in 1812?
Tensions heated up due to British actions such as kidnapping American sailors and support for Native American resistance.
83
Fill in the blank: The war began in _______.
1812
84
True or False: Many English colonists in British North America were loyal to Britain.
False
85
What was a significant concern for the British regarding loyalty in British North America?
Many English colonists were Americans who had arrived after the Loyalists and outnumbered them four to one.
86
What economic dependence did the Atlantic colonies have during the War of 1812?
The Atlantic colonies depended on trade with the Americans.
87
What historical event occurred 50 years prior to the War of 1812?
The French lost New France.
88
Fill in the blank: Some Americans wanted to take over Britain's _______.
colonies
89
What was the British perspective on the loyalty of the colonists?
The British wondered if they could count on the loyalty of the colonists.
90
What did the British do to American sailors during the War of 1812?
The British were kidnapping American sailors to serve in the British navy.
91
What role did Native Americans play during the War of 1812?
The British supported Native Americans in their resistance against American expansion.
92
Fill in the blank: The British colonies were a battleground in the _______.
War of 1812
93
What was the perspective of Loyalists regarding their situation during the War of 1812?
Loyalists were concerned about the loyalty of the American arrivals.
94
What groups fought against the invaders in the War of 1812?
British soldiers, local militia, and First Nations allies
## Footnote
These groups collaborated to resist American forces during the conflict.
95
What happened in April 1813 in York (now Toronto)?
A fleet of American ships shot cannon fire at the town and American soldiers looted and burned down government buildings
## Footnote
York was a significant location during the War of 1812.
96
Who warned the British of an impending American attack in 1813?
Laura Secord
## Footnote
Laura Secord is known for her pivotal role in warning British forces about American plans.
97
What was the outcome of the War of 1812?
The war ended in a deadlock
## Footnote
No decisive victory was claimed by either side.
98
What treaty ended the War of 1812?
The Treaty of Ghent
## Footnote
This treaty was signed in December 1814.
99
What did the Treaty of Ghent require both sides to do?
Return any territory gained during the war
## Footnote
This provision aimed to restore the status quo ante bellum.
100
What political boundary was agreed upon in the Treaty of Ghent?
The 49th parallel of latitude
## Footnote
This boundary extends from west of the Great Lakes to the Rocky Mountains.
101
How did Americans view the outcome of the War of 1812?
As a triumph over Britain
## Footnote
This perspective highlighted a sense of national pride and independence.
102
How did the people of Upper and Lower Canada view the outcome of the War of 1812?
They felt they had stopped an American attack
## Footnote
This reflected their successful defense against invasions.
103
What was the First Nations' experience in the War of 1812?
They could claim no victory
## Footnote
Despite their significant involvement, they did not gain recognition or territory.
104
What was the casualty situation for First Nations allies during the War of 1812?
About 15,000 First Nations allies died, more than British and American casualties combined
## Footnote
This highlights the heavy toll the war took on First Nations communities.
105
What proposal did Britain make regarding a state for First Nations?
The Americans refused to create a First Nations state
## Footnote
This refusal prevented a potential recognition of First Nations sovereignty.
106
What is the Great Migration?
The influx of over 800,000 immigrants to Canada between 1815 and 1850
## Footnote
This migration significantly influenced the British character of Canada.
107
Between which years did the Great Migration occur?
1815 to 1850
108
Which ports did most immigrants arrive at during the Great Migration?
Halifax, Saint John, and Québec City
109
What were some reasons for the mass immigration from Britain?
* Rapid population growth in Britain
* Scarcity of jobs
* Farmers being forced off land
* Common poverty and hunger
* The Irish famine
* Safer ocean travel post-war
* Availability of free land and new opportunities
110
True or False: The Great Migration was primarily driven by economic factors.
True
111
Fill in the blank: The Great Migration helped to make the Canadian identity more _______.
British
112
What geographical feature influenced where people made their homes during the Great Migration?
Not specified in the text
113
What event contributed to safer ocean travel, encouraging immigration?
The end of the war
114
What was a significant factor in pushing rural Irish people to emigrate?
The terrible famine in Ireland
115
What opportunities did the colonies offer to immigrants?
* Free land
* New opportunities
* A chance for a better life
116
How did immigrants travel from Britain to Canada?
By ship
117
What was the duration of the journey for immigrants traveling to Canada?
Many weeks
118
What type of accommodations were available for wealthy immigrants?
Comfortable cabins
119
Where were most immigrants who could not afford comfortable cabins placed during the journey?
In the dark and filthy holds below deck
120
What issue plagued the holds below deck where most immigrants were housed?
Diseases ran rampant
121
What term was used to refer to the ships due to the high death toll during the voyages?
Coffin ships
122
Where did many immigrants stop before continuing their journey in Canada?
The Maritime colonies
123
After reaching Québec City and Montréal, where did most newcomers travel next?
By land to Upper Canada
124
How did immigrants travel from Britain to Canada?
By ship
125
What was the duration of the journey for immigrants traveling to Canada?
Many weeks
126
What type of accommodations were available for wealthy immigrants?
Comfortable cabins
127
Where were most immigrants who could not afford comfortable cabins placed during the journey?
In the dark and filthy holds below deck
128
What issue plagued the holds below deck where most immigrants were housed?
Diseases ran rampant
129
What term was used to refer to the ships due to the high death toll during the voyages?
Coffin ships
130
Where did many immigrants stop before continuing their journey in Canada?
The Maritime colonies
131
After reaching Québec City and Montréal, where did most newcomers travel next?
By land to Upper Canada
132
How many immigrants arrived from Britain each year before 1847?
About 30,000 immigrants
133
What proportion of the immigrants arriving from Britain were from Ireland?
Two-thirds
134
What event caused Irish immigration to increase to 100,000 in 1847?
The potato crop failure
135
What was the primary reason thousands of Irish left for North America in 1847?
They had nothing to eat
136
What epidemic broke out aboard the ships carrying Irish immigrants?
A typhus epidemic
137
How many people died on the voyage to Canada in 1847 due to the typhus epidemic?
Thousands
138
Where did the ships wait as they brought Irish immigrants to Canada?
St. Lawrence River at Grosse-Île
139
What was Grosse-Île used for during the immigration process?
A quarantine station
140
How many people were buried on Grosse-Île in 1847?
5,424
141
What challenges did families face upon reaching their plots of land in Canada?
Clearing the dense forest
142
What aspects of the environment made pioneer life difficult for newcomers?
Rugged environment and harsh climate
143
Fill in the blank: In 1847, Irish immigration increased to _______ due to the potato crop failure.
100,000
144
True or False: The majority of immigrants to Canada in the early years were from Ireland.
True
145
How many immigrants arrived from Britain each year before 1847?
About 30,000 immigrants
146
What proportion of the immigrants arriving from Britain were from Ireland?
Two-thirds
147
What event caused Irish immigration to increase to 100,000 in 1847?
The potato crop failure
148
What was the primary reason thousands of Irish left for North America in 1847?
They had nothing to eat
149
What epidemic broke out aboard the ships carrying Irish immigrants?
A typhus epidemic
150
How many people died on the voyage to Canada in 1847 due to the typhus epidemic?
Thousands
151
Where did the ships wait as they brought Irish immigrants to Canada?
St. Lawrence River at Grosse-Île
152
What was Grosse-Île used for during the immigration process?
A quarantine station
153
How many people were buried on Grosse-Île in 1847?
5,424
154
What challenges did families face upon reaching their plots of land in Canada?
Clearing the dense forest
155
What aspects of the environment made pioneer life difficult for newcomers?
Rugged environment and harsh climate
156
Fill in the blank: In 1847, Irish immigration increased to _______ due to the potato crop failure.
100,000
157
True or False: The majority of immigrants to Canada in the early years were from Ireland.
True
158
What were the key factors that led to the rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada in 1837?
Tensions from rapid population growth and dissatisfaction with governance
## Footnote
The rebellions were fueled by various social and political factors.
159
What significant change did the Constitutional Act of 1791 bring to the British colonies?
A new form of government with a governor and an elected assembly for each colony
## Footnote
This act was crucial in shaping the political landscape of British North America.
160
Fill in the blank: The rapid _______ in British North America contributed to social tensions.
population growth
161
True or False: The Constitutional Act of 1791 eliminated the role of governors in the British colonies.
False
## Footnote
The act established governors as part of the new government structure.
162
What is one outcome of the tensions that grew in British North America?
Armed rebellion
## Footnote
The dissatisfaction with governance led to drastic actions by the populace.
163
Define the role of the governor in the colonies after the Constitutional Act of 1791.
The governor oversaw the colony's administration and worked with the elected assembly.
164
What was established alongside the governor in each British colony according to the Constitutional Act of 1791?
An elected assembly
## Footnote
This assembly allowed for some degree of self-governance.
165
What were the key factors that led to the rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada in 1837?
Tensions from rapid population growth and dissatisfaction with governance
## Footnote
The rebellions were fueled by various social and political factors.
166
What significant change did the Constitutional Act of 1791 bring to the British colonies?
A new form of government with a governor and an elected assembly for each colony
## Footnote
This act was crucial in shaping the political landscape of British North America.
167
Fill in the blank: The rapid _______ in British North America contributed to social tensions.
population growth
168
True or False: The Constitutional Act of 1791 eliminated the role of governors in the British colonies.
False
## Footnote
The act established governors as part of the new government structure.
169
What is one outcome of the tensions that grew in British North America?
Armed rebellion
## Footnote
The dissatisfaction with governance led to drastic actions by the populace.
170
Define the role of the governor in the colonies after the Constitutional Act of 1791.
The governor oversaw the colony's administration and worked with the elected assembly.
171
What was established alongside the governor in each British colony according to the Constitutional Act of 1791?
An elected assembly
## Footnote
This assembly allowed for some degree of self-governance.
172
Who led the group of radicals called the Patriotes?
Louis-Joseph Papineau
173
What significant document did the Patriotes present to the Assembly in 1834?
The Ninety-Two Resolutions
174
What was the main objective of the Ninety-Two Resolutions?
To call for sweeping reforms
175
What percentage of votes did the Patriotes win in the election?
75 percent
176
In what year did the British government reject the demands of the Patriotes?
1837
177
What action did Papineau take after the rejection of the Patriotes' demands?
He urged the Canadiens to take up arms
178
Where did fighting break out in November 1837?
Saint-Denis
179
What was the outcome of the battle at Saint-Denis?
The Patriotes were victorious
180
Which battle saw British forces overwhelm the rebels?
Saint-Charles
181
What happened to Papineau after the defeat of the Patriotes?
He fled to the United States
182
What was the fate of the Patriote uprising?
It had been crushed
183
What popular song recalled the plight of the exiled Patriotes?
MUn Canadien Errant
184
Fill in the blank: The Patriotes presented the _______ to the Assembly.
[Ninety-Two Resolutions]
185
True or False: The Patriotes were successful in their demands after winning the election.
False
186
What year did the Battle of Saint-Eustache occur?
1840
187
In what location did many rebels hide during the battle?
In the village and the church
188
Who painted the scene from the Battle of Saint-Eustache?
Charles Beauclerk
189
Who led the Reformers in Upper Canada?
William Lyon Mackenzie
190
What document did Mackenzie and the Reformers issue in 1834?
The Seventh Report on Grievances
191
What was the main objective of the Reformers in Upper Canada?
To overthrow the government
192
On what date did Mackenzie lead the rebels toward Toronto?
5 December 1837
193
What types of weapons did most rebels carry during the march?
Pikes and pitchforks
194
What happened during the first clash between the rebels and government supporters?
The rebels turned and fled
195
Who quickly put down the violent clashes in Upper Canada?
British troops
196
What was the outcome of the rebellion in Upper Canada?
The rebellion was over after a few days
197
Where did Mackenzie flee after the rebellion?
The United States
198
How many people took part in the rebellions of 1837 in Upper Canada?
Only a few hundred
199
What was the lasting impact of the rebellions in Lower Canada?
The Francophone colonists felt dreadfully wronged
200
What realization did Britain come to as a result of the rebellions?
That reform was necessary
201
Fill in the blank: The rebellions in Upper and Lower Canada may seem to be _______ events.
minor
202
What was the common complaint of the reformers in Britain's North American colonies?
The governor and councils did not have to follow the will of the people.
203
What was the main focus of Lord Durham's Report?
To address the issues raised by the rebellions and recommend changes.
204
What were the two main recommendations made by Lord Durham in his report?
* Unite Upper and Lower Canada into a single colony.
* Grant the colonies responsible government.
205
What did Lord Durham blame for the troubles in Lower Canada?
The conflict between the Canadiens and the English colonists.
206
In what year was the Act that created a single colony with two provinces enacted?
1841
207
What provinces were created by the Act of 1841?
* Canada East (formerly Lower Canada)
* Canada West (formerly Upper Canada)
208
True or False: Lord Durham understood and appreciated the distinct national identity of the Canadiens.
False
209
Fill in the blank: Lord Durham described the Canadiens as a people with no _______ and no literature.
history
210
What was one of the main issues that the British government sought to understand after the rebellions?
The causes of the rebellions.
211
What did Lord Durham believe would happen to the Canadiens within British society?
That British society would gradually absorb the Canadiens.
212
True or False: The only official language of the new colony created in 1841 was French.
False
213
What was the common complaint of the reformers in Britain's North American colonies?
The governor and councils did not have to follow the will of the people.
214
What was the main focus of Lord Durham's Report?
To address the issues raised by the rebellions and recommend changes.
215
What were the two main recommendations made by Lord Durham in his report?
* Unite Upper and Lower Canada into a single colony.
* Grant the colonies responsible government.
216
What did Lord Durham blame for the troubles in Lower Canada?
The conflict between the Canadiens and the English colonists.
217
In what year was the Act that created a single colony with two provinces enacted?
1841
218
What provinces were created by the Act of 1841?
* Canada East (formerly Lower Canada)
* Canada West (formerly Upper Canada)
219
True or False: Lord Durham understood and appreciated the distinct national identity of the Canadiens.
False
220
Fill in the blank: Lord Durham described the Canadiens as a people with no _______ and no literature.
history
221
What was one of the main issues that the British government sought to understand after the rebellions?
The causes of the rebellions.
222
What did Lord Durham believe would happen to the Canadiens within British society?
That British society would gradually absorb the Canadiens.
223
True or False: The only official language of the new colony created in 1841 was French.
False
224
What was Durharm's objective regarding the French language in Quebec?
To get rid of the French language in Quebec by uniting the two colonies.
## Footnote
This plan aimed to gradually absorb the Canadiens into British society.
225
What significant legislative act was passed in 1841 related to Canada?
The Act of Union, which created a single colony with two provinces.
## Footnote
This act merged Lower Canada and Upper Canada.
226
What were the new names for Lower Canada and Upper Canada after the Act of Union?
Lower Canada became Canada East and Upper Canada became Canada West.
## Footnote
These changes reflected the new administrative divisions.
227
What was the official language of government after the Act of Union?
English became the only official language of government.
## Footnote
This decision caused dissatisfaction among the French-speaking population.
228
True or False: The Act of Union created a unified colony with a single official language.
True.
## Footnote
The Act of Union unified the colonies and established English as the sole official language.
229
Fill in the blank: The Act of Union was enacted in _______.
1841.
## Footnote
This act was a key development in the history of Canada.
230
What was Durharm's objective regarding the French language in Quebec?
To get rid of the French language in Quebec by uniting the two colonies.
## Footnote
This plan aimed to gradually absorb the Canadiens into British society.
231
What significant legislative act was passed in 1841 related to Canada?
The Act of Union, which created a single colony with two provinces.
## Footnote
This act merged Lower Canada and Upper Canada.
232
What were the new names for Lower Canada and Upper Canada after the Act of Union?
Lower Canada became Canada East and Upper Canada became Canada West.
## Footnote
These changes reflected the new administrative divisions.
233
What was the official language of government after the Act of Union?
English became the only official language of government.
## Footnote
This decision caused dissatisfaction among the French-speaking population.
234
True or False: The Act of Union created a unified colony with a single official language.
True.
## Footnote
The Act of Union unified the colonies and established English as the sole official language.
235
Fill in the blank: The Act of Union was enacted in _______.
1841.
## Footnote
This act was a key development in the history of Canada.
236
What is responsible government?
A system where elected representatives express the wishes of citizens, and the governor follows the Assembly's wishes.
## Footnote
Responsible government ensures accountability and representation in governance.
237
Who were the two Reformers chosen to lead the new government in 1848?
Robert Baldwin and Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine.
## Footnote
Their leadership marked a significant change in the Canadian political landscape.
238
What significant action did Governor Lord Elgin take in 1849?
He passed the Rebellion Losses Bill.
## Footnote
This action demonstrated the acceptance of responsible government, despite his personal opposition to the bill.
239
In which year did the Reformers win a huge election victory?
1848.
## Footnote
This victory indicated a strong desire for change among the people.
240
True or False: The British rulers supported the establishment of responsible government.
False.
## Footnote
British rulers opposed the idea of responsible government at the time.
241
Fill in the blank: In responsible government, the elected representatives in the Assembly would express the wishes of the _______.
citizens.
## Footnote
This relationship is crucial for democratic governance.
242
What was the role of the governor in responsible government?
To follow the wishes of the Assembly.
## Footnote
This role is essential for the functioning of responsible government.
243
What did the election victory of the Reformers in 1848 signify?
A strong demand for change among the populace.
## Footnote
This victory set the stage for significant political reforms.
244
What is responsible government?
A system where elected representatives express the wishes of citizens, and the governor follows the Assembly's wishes.
## Footnote
Responsible government ensures accountability and representation in governance.
245
Who were the two Reformers chosen to lead the new government in 1848?
Robert Baldwin and Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine.
## Footnote
Their leadership marked a significant change in the Canadian political landscape.
246
What significant action did Governor Lord Elgin take in 1849?
He passed the Rebellion Losses Bill.
## Footnote
This action demonstrated the acceptance of responsible government, despite his personal opposition to the bill.
247
In which year did the Reformers win a huge election victory?
1848.
## Footnote
This victory indicated a strong desire for change among the people.
248
True or False: The British rulers supported the establishment of responsible government.
False.
## Footnote
British rulers opposed the idea of responsible government at the time.
249
Fill in the blank: In responsible government, the elected representatives in the Assembly would express the wishes of the _______.
citizens.
## Footnote
This relationship is crucial for democratic governance.
250
What was the role of the governor in responsible government?
To follow the wishes of the Assembly.
## Footnote
This role is essential for the functioning of responsible government.
251
What did the election victory of the Reformers in 1848 signify?
A strong demand for change among the populace.
## Footnote
This victory set the stage for significant political reforms.
