[52] Nocturnal Enuresis Flashcards
What is nocturnal enuresis commonly known as?
Bedwetting
What is nocturnal enuresis?
Involuntary urination while asleep after the age at which bladder control usually begins
How common is nocturnal enuresis?
It is THE most common childhood complaint
What is primary nocturnal enuresis?
When nocturnal enuresis occurs but the child has not yet had a prolonged period of being dry
What is secondary nocturnal enuresis?
When a child begins wetting again after having stayed dry for a prolonged period
What are the 3 common causes of nocturnal enuresis?
- Excessive urine volume
- Poor sleep arousal
- Bladder contractions
What physiological functions work to prevent bedwetting?
- Hormone to reduce urine production at night
- The ability to wake up when the bladder is full
How do children usually first develop night dryness?
By developing one or both of the normal physiological mechanisms against bedwetting
How does the process of urinary continence begin?
Development of a larger and more sensitive bladder at 1-2 years old
What do children of 2-3 usually develop?
Daytime urinary continence
What do children of 4-5 develop?
Adult urinary control - dry in the day and at night
What is the most common cause of bedwetting?
Mild developmental delay
What are the other potential causes of bedwetting?
- Psychological problem
- Physical illness
What percentage of bedwetting cases are caused by either emotional or physical problems?
5-10%
What are the risk factors for developing nocturnal enuresis?
- Family history
- Constipation
- ADHD
- Infections e.g. UTI
- Psychological issues
- Sleep apnoea