[49] Eczema Flashcards

1
Q

What is eczema also known as?

A

Dermatitis

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2
Q

What is eczema?

A

A disease that causes inflammation of the skin

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of eczema?

A

Itchy, red skin and rash

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4
Q

What factors are thought to play a role in the development of eczema?

A
  • Genetic susceptibility
  • Impaired epidermal barrier function
  • Immune dysregulation
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5
Q

What can act as triggers for flare ups of eczema?

A
  • Dry skin
  • Irritants
  • Infection
  • Sweating/heat
  • Emotional stress
  • Allergies
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6
Q

What are the risk factors for eczema?

A
  • Unusually clean environment
  • Coeliac disease
  • Family history
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7
Q

What is the main symptom of eczema?

A

Pruritis

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8
Q

What is the effect of the pruritis in eczema?

A

Causes scratching and exacerbation of the rash

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9
Q

What can happen to the excoriated areas in eczema?

A

They can become erythematous, weepy and crusted

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10
Q

Where does eczema commonly affect in infants?

A
  • Cheeks
  • Elbows
  • Knees
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11
Q

Where does eczema commonly affect in children?

A
  • Flexural areas
  • Wrists
  • Ankles
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12
Q

Where does eczema commonly affect in adolescents?

A
  • Flexures
  • Head and neck
  • Nipples
  • Palms
  • Soles
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13
Q

Does eczema require investigation?

A

No

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14
Q

What are the differentials for eczema?

A
  • Scabies
  • Psoriasis
  • Dermatitis herpetiformis
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15
Q

What are the conservative management measures?

A
  • Soap avoidance
  • Limiting baths and showers to 5-10 minutes
  • Moisturise after washing
  • Avoid over-heating
  • Keep finger nails short
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16
Q

What is the main treatment for eczema flares?

A

Topical Corticosteroids

17
Q

What corticosteroid regime should be used for an eczema flare?

A

Twice a day until clear then taper for alternate days for 1 weeks then twice weekly before stopping

18
Q

What are the potential complications of eczema?

A
  • Sleep disturbance
  • Emotional upset
  • Family dysfunction
  • Eczema herpeticum
  • Staphylococcus aureus infection
  • Growth delay
  • Atopic cataracts