4.4.2 Gait

Question 1

What are the ways to check for infection in older adults (especially those who fell)?

Answer 1

CBC and UA

Question 2

What are some of the medications that can affect fall risk?

Answer 2

Question 3

What are some of the basic descriptors of gait?

Answer 3

Question 4

What is the orientation of the pelvis in the human body?

Answer 4

Question 5

How much energy is needed to stand upright in the human stance?

Answer 5

Little energy

Question 6

What are some of the mediating factors for falling?

Answer 6

Question 7

What is the goal blood pressure in an 80 y/o?

Answer 7

150/90

Question 8

Why do humans lean on to one limb (passive hip drop)?

Answer 8

Minimize energy usage by tightening iliofemoral ligament and iliotibial tract

Question 9

What is nerve injury is associated with ‘high-stepping’ gait?

Answer 9

Common fibular nerve

Question 10

What are some of the different intrinisic factors that can lead to increased risk of falls?

Answer 10

Question 11

What is the leading cause of death from injury in persons aged > 65?

Answer 11

Complications of falls

Question 13

What are some of the sequelae of falls?

Answer 13

Decline in functional status, nursing home placement, increased used of medical services, fear of falling (decreased QOL, loss of socialization, not leaving their home)

Question 14

What is a fall?

Answer 14

coming to rest inadvertently on the ground or at a lower level

Question 15

What is the goal systolic blood pressure in the elderly aged 65-80?

Answer 15

140

Question 16

Describe these gaits: ataxic, atalgic, apraxic, festinating

Answer 16

Question 17

In what demographic is mortality highest from a fall?

Answer 17

White men aged > 85

Question 18

What painless MSK problem (w/ gait) is associated hip fractures?

Answer 18

Leg length discrepancies, can be treated with orthopedic manipulation treatment (OMT)

Question 19

Where is the center of mass in relation to the knee when standing with a locked knee?

Answer 19

In front of the knee, help keeps the knee locked

Question 20

What is covered?

Answer 20

Top: step length

Bottom: stride length

Question 21

What is the biggest risk factor for a future fall?

Answer 21

Having had a fall

Question 22

What is the medical term for knocked knees?

Answer 22

Valgus knee deformities

Question 23

Over wait time on the get up and go test requires a referral to PT/OT?

Answer 23

20 seconds