Final Cut Pro X Ripple 5 SOUND

Question 1

To reveal the audio meters press _____ _______ _

Answer 1

SHIFT COMMAND 8

Question 2

The number of _____ ________ is determined by how your project was initially set up.

Answer 2

audio channels

Question 3

Press _______ _ to open the Project Inspector

Answer 3

Command-J

Question 4

Press Command-J to open the _______ _________

Answer 4

Project Inspector

Question 5

Press Command-J to open the Project Inspector, then click the ______ _______ button.

Answer 5

Modify Settings

Question 6

Whenever you create a new project, Final Cut Pro will automatically configure the audio channels for ______ ______ and playback.

Answer 6

Stereo mixing

Question 7

Whenever you place a 6 channel audio clip into a 2-channel project, Final Cut Pro automatically down-mixes the ________ channels so they are correctly output as stereo.

Answer 7

surround

Question 8

The advantage of this is fantastic. You can mix and output in Surround, then “flip the switch” as it were, and output a Stereo version of the same project. You can even go the other direction. Start your project in Stereo, then later switch to Surround when you want to deliver a Dolby 5.1 or 7.1 ___. That said, you would need to have the proper monitoring hardware connected to your Mac.

Answer 8

mix

Question 9

In order to see the waveform clearly, adjust the clip size to its maximum height. Drag the volume bar on the music clip until you see red tips appear on the waveform _____.

Answer 9

peaks

Question 10

Final Cut Pro employs what are called peak audio meters. Peaks are short, loud bursts of sound. When you are looking at an audio waveform, the tips represent the peaks, while the green section represents the _______ loudness of the clip.

Answer 10

average

Question 11

In the analog world, audio is measured in voltage units or VU. Zero VU is the optimal _______ level for analog recording devices.

Answer 11

average

Question 12

In the digital world however, sound is measured in dBFS or decibel Full Scale. Because analog sound waves are converted to bits during the recording process, any value above 0dBFS cannot be represented ____________ and therefore results in audio that is distorted or clipped.

Answer 12

numerically

Question 13

Clipped audio in the waveform look like someone took scissors and cut off the tips of the peaks. If your audio came into Final Cut Pro this way there is nothing you can do to your sound to make it better because the __________ has been hard-coded into the sound file. You’ll need to re-shoot or re-record your sound.

Answer 13

distortion

Question 14

When working with audio in your Final Cut Pro projects, you need to understand how the digital meters correspond to the analog world. As a general guideline, if you are working with 16 bit audio your levels should average around ________ on the meters. If you are working with 24 bit audio, your levels should average around _______.

Answer 14

• 12 dBFS, - 18 dBFS

Question 15

If you are working with 16 bit audio for delivery to an iDevice, DVD or the web, -12dBFS is the Zero __ equivalent in the analog world. Keeping this in mind, all your important sounds like dialogue should be set to this level.

Answer 15

VU

Question 16

If you hover your pointer over the volume bar of the dialogue clip, you’ll see it reads 0 dB. This value is reported when the clip’s ________ recorded volume has not been changed.

Answer 16

original

Question 17

The dialogue averages around -18 to -20 dBFS which would be perfect if we were mastering for _________ television or film. If we were mastering for the web, we would want this level to be at -12dBFS. Drag the volume bar upward until the value reported by the tool tip is 5dB. Play back the man’s dialogue and you’ll see it’s now averaging at -12 in the meters.

Answer 17

broadcast

Question 18

Notice there is a wide variance in the amplitude of the man’s voice vs. the woman’s and I’ll show you how to deal with this in the lesson on using a ___________.

Answer 18

Compressor

Question 19

Music clips have their own unique story. The volume on this clip averages at 0 dBFS in the meters. Almost all music that you download from the web, rip from Cd’s or drag into the Timeline from Final Cut’s Music Browser have been recorded at levels that push the peaks close to or above the __________ threshold.

Answer 19

distortion

Question 20

Engineers will give you many reasons why music must be mastered so loud, but in terms of using commercial music in your mix, you’ll almost always need to _____ it - in some cases quite drastically. For example, in order to have this piano melody average at -12 dBFS, I have to lower the clip’s volume 9DB. That’s quite a _____!

Answer 20

lower, delta

Question 21

Clips do not live in isolation from one another. Just because a clip’s average volume is correct when played back alone, your metering will change when you begin layering your sounds to create a more ________ mix.

Answer 21

dynamic

Question 22

When two clips are played back together the sound is combined to increase the overall volume output. This is why when mixing you cannot adjust levels of your clips outside of the context of the other sounds in the mix.
Music, sound effects all have an _________ affect on your output.

Answer 22

aggregate