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SuprIM > 375 Thyroid Gland Physiology and Testing > Flashcards

375 Thyroid Gland Physiology and Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Normal weight of thyroid gland (H20 C375 P2692)

A

12-20 g

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2
Q

The thyroid gland develops from the floor of the primitive pharynx during what week of gestation? (H20 C375 P2692)

A

3rd week

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3
Q

Thyroid hormon synthesis begins at about how many weeks’ gestation?

A

11 weeks

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4
Q

Protein precursor of thyroid hormones (H20 C375 P2692)

A

Thyroglobulin

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5
Q

The most useful physiologic marker of thyroid hormone action (H20 C375 P2692)

A

TSH

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6
Q

The major positive regulator of TSH synthesis (H20 C375 P2693)

A

TRH

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7
Q

Dominant regulator of TSH production (H20 C375 P2693)

A

Thyroid hormones

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8
Q

Peak TSH secretion occurs how many minutes after exogenous TRH? (H20 C375 P2693)

A

15 minutes

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9
Q

Plasma half-life of TSH

A

50 mins

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10
Q

Critical first step in thyroid hormone synthesis (H20 C375 P2693)

A

Iodide uptake

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11
Q

A disorder characterized by defective organification of iodine, goiter, and sensorineural deafness, caused by a mutation of the pendrin gene (H20 C375 P2693)

A

Pendred syndrome

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12
Q

Most common cause of preventable mental deficiency (H20 C375 P2693)

A

Iodine deficiency

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13
Q

RDA for iodine for pregnant women (H20 C375 P2694)

A

220 μg

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14
Q

Urinary iodine in iodine-sufficient populations (H20 C375 P2694)

A

> 10 μg/dL

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15
Q

Uncoupled mono- and diiodoty- rosines (MIT, DIT) are deiodinated by this enzyme (H20 C375 P2694)

A

Dehalogenase

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16
Q

A phenomenon where excess iodide transiently inhibits thyroid iodide organification (H20 C375 P2694)

A

Wolff-Chaikoff effect

17
Q

Women with a precarious iodine intake of this amount are most at risk of developing a goiter during pregnancy or giving birth to an infant with a goiter and hypothyroidism. (H20 C375 P2694)

A

<50 μg/d

18
Q

The World Health Organization recommends a daily iodine intake of this amount during pregnancy and lactation (H20 C375 P2694)

A

250 μg

19
Q

RDA for iodine for breastfeeding women (H20 C375 P2694)

A

290 μg

20
Q

Prenatal vitamins should contain this amount of iodine per tablet. (H20 C375 P2694)

A

150 μg

21
Q

hCG- induced changes in thyroid function can result in this condition, that may be associated with hyperemesis gravidarum. (H20 C375 P2694)

A

Transient gestational hyperthyroidism

22
Q

Total T4 and T3 levels are about how many times higher throughout pregnancy (H20 C375 P2694)

A

1.5×

23
Q

Serum half-life of T4 (H20 C375 P2695)

A

7 days

24
Q

Thyroid hormone requirements are increased by up to ___ during pregnancy in levothyroxine-treated hypothyroid women. (H20 C375 P2695)

A

45%

25
Q

Protein that carries about 80% of bound thyroid hormones (H20 C375 P2695)

A

TBG

26
Q

Most important source of reveres T3 (H20 C375 P2696)

A

Type III deiodinase

27
Q

An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by elevated thyroid hormone levels and inappropriately normal or elevated TSH. (H20 C375 P2696)

A

Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH)

28
Q

Provides definitive diagnosis of RTH (H20 C375 P2696)

A

DNA sequence analysis of the TRβ gene

29
Q

Provides the most accurate measurement of thyroid volume and nodularity and is useful for assessment of goiter prevalence in iodine deficient regions.

A

Ultrasound imaging

30
Q

Sign characterized by difficulty breathing especially when the arms are raised. (H20 C375 P2697)

A

Pemberton’s sign

31
Q

It is reasonable to only measure antibodies to this protein when considering autoimmune thyroid disease (H20 C375 P2697)

A

TPO antibodies

32
Q

Serum Tg levels are increased in all type of thyrotoxicosis except: (H20 C375 P2697)

A

Thyrotoxicosis factitia

SuprIM (31 decks)

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